We discuss the current state of the Ukrainian space project Aerosol-UA, which aims to provide data on the aerosol spatial distribution and microphysics in the Earth's atmosphere. The Aerosol-UA remote sensing concept is based on measurements from the multispectral Scanning Polarimeter (ScanPol) and the MultiSpectral Imaging Polarimeter (MSIP) on board the Yuzhnoe satellite (YuzhSat) platform. The ScanPol instrument is intended to measure intensity and polarization state of the light scattered by the Earth surface and atmosphere in the six spectral bands in the range from 370 to 1620 nm. The MSIP consists of five optical units and is intended to measure intensity and polarization state of the scattered light in the eight spectral bands in the range from 410 to 910 nm. The MSIP includes three polarimetric units (three spectral bands) and two radiometric units (eight spectral bands). These two Aerosol-UA instruments combined provide multi-angular measurements of the Stokes parameters of scattered radiance from the same scene. With the onboard calibration devices, the ScanPol allows the instruments to cross-calibrate as the fields-of-view of the two instruments are partly overlapped. We developed a polarimetric model for the instrument's pre-flight calibration and calibration procedure, based on that model. The model demonstrated good validity with the MSIP 555P nm polarimetric unit calibration experiment, and the errors of degree and azimuth of the linear light polarization were estimated at ~0.6% and ~0.2°, respectively. We considered details of the ScanPol pre-flight and in-flight radiometric and polarimetric calibration. The in-flight calibration set is used to perform polarized radiation calibration, depolarized radiation calibration, black body calibration, and radiometric calibration of the ScanPol. We discuss the ScanPol in-flight calibration with the solar diffuser plate, including the Spectralon flat diffuser plate and alternative possibilities. Vicarious methods, such as Rayleigh scattering, test sites, and Moon observations were considered for MSIP calibration. The data processing approach is also described in this paper.

我们讨论了乌克兰航天项目Aerosol-UA的当前状态，该项目旨在提供有关地球大气中气溶胶空间分布和微观物理学的数据。Aerosol-UA遥感概念基于对南极卫星（YuzhSat）平台上的多光谱扫描旋光仪（ScanPol）和多光谱成像旋光仪（MSIP）的测量。ScanPol仪器旨在测量在370至1620 nm范围内的六个光谱带中被地球表面和大气散射的光的强度和偏振态。MSIP由五个光学单元组成，旨在测量在410至910 nm范围内的八个光谱带中的散射光的强度和偏振态。MSIP包括三个极化单位（三个光谱带）和两个辐射单位（八个光谱带）。这两台Aerosol-UA仪器结合使用，可以对同一场景中散射辐射的斯托克斯参数进行多角度测量。使用板载校准设备，由于两台仪器的视场部分重叠，因此ScanPol可以对仪器进行交叉校准。我们基于该模型为仪器的飞行前校准和校准程序开发了一个偏振模型。该模型在MSIP 555P nm偏振单位校准实验中显示出良好的有效性，线性光偏振度和方位角的误差分别估计为〜0.6％和〜0.2°。我们考虑了ScanPol飞行前和飞行中辐射和极化校准的详细信息。飞行中校准套件用于执行ScanPol的偏振辐射校准，去偏振辐射校准，黑体校准和辐射度校准。我们将讨论使用太阳能扩散板（包括Spectralon平板扩散板）进行的ScanPol空中校准以及其他选择。MSIP校准考虑了替代方法，例如瑞利散射，测试地点和月球观测。本文还介绍了数据处理方法。我们将讨论使用太阳能扩散板（包括Spectralon平板扩散板）进行的ScanPol空中校准以及其他选择。MSIP校准考虑了替代方法，例如瑞利散射，测试地点和月球观测。本文还介绍了数据处理方法。我们将讨论使用太阳能扩散板（包括Spectralon平板扩散板）进行的ScanPol空中校准以及其他选择。MSIP校准考虑了替代方法，例如瑞利散射，测试地点和月球观测。本文还介绍了数据处理方法。