This longitudinal study examined how shame and guilt contribute to the development of reactive and proactive aggression in adolescents with and without hearing loss. Adolescents between 9 and 16 years old (adolescents with hearing loss (n = 80; Mage = 11.91) and without hearing loss (n = 227; Mage = 11.63)) completed self-reports on three occasions with an interval of 9 months. Mixed model analyses revealed that both reactive aggression and proactive aggression decreased with age, whereas shame and guilt peaked in early adolescence. Adolescents with hearing loss reported higher levels of proactive aggression, lower levels of shame and guilt, and showed protracted development for guilt compared to their hearing peers. In both groups, shame contributed to an increase in reactive aggression, whereas guilt contributed to a decrease in proactive aggression. These longitudinal associations highlight the unique role that shame and guilt play in the development of adolescent aggression.

这项纵向研究调查了羞耻和内疚如何促进有听力损失和没有听力损失的青少年的反应性和主动攻击性的发展。9 至 16 岁的青少年（有听力损失的青少年（n  = 80；M年龄 = 11.91）和无听力损失的青少年（n  = 227；M年龄 = 11.63)) 完成了 3 次自我报告，间隔 9 个月。混合模型分析表明，反应性攻击和主动攻击都随着年龄的增长而减少，而羞耻和内疚在青春期早期达到顶峰。与听力正常的同龄人相比，听力损失的青少年报告的主动攻击程度更高，羞耻和内疚程度更低，并且内疚感的发展时间更长。在两组中，羞耻感导致反应性攻击的增加，而内疚导致主动攻击性的减少。这些纵向关联突出了羞耻和内疚在青少年攻击性发展中的独特作用。