Abstract

Antibiotics are widely used in animal husbandry at present. Due to their excessive and incorrect use, they have led to the rapid spread of antibiotic resistance genes (ARGs), as well as antibiotic-resistant bacteria (ARB) in microbial communities of the environment. The review examines works on the use of antibiotics in animal husbandry, the transmission of ARGs and ARB from animals to humans, their spread in the environment with wastewater from livestock enterprises and water and air flows. The role of manure as a reservoir of ARGs and the effect of the processing and storage of manure on the abundance and diversity of ARB and ARGs have been also analyzed. We have also touched on issues related to the presence of ARGs and ARB in animal and plant products and their introduction into the human microbiome with food.

中文翻译：

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畜牧业中使用抗生素对细菌耐药性分布的影响（综述）

摘要

目前，抗生素广泛用于畜牧业。由于它们的过度使用和不正确使用，它们导致了抗生素抗性基因（ARG）以及抗生素抗性细菌（ARB）在环境的微生物群落中迅速传播。审查审查了有关在畜牧业中使用抗生素，将ARGs和ARB从动物传播给人类，它们在畜牧企业的废水以及水和空气流中在环境中的传播的工作。还分析了粪便作为ARGs的贮库的作用以及粪便的处理和储存对ARB和ARGs的丰度和多样性的影响。我们还谈到了动植物产品中存在ARGs和ARB以及它们与食物一起引入人类微生物组的问题。