abstract:This article provides a novel interpretation of Grotius’s conception of natural law. Prior interpretations have overlooked Grotius’s doctrine of supererogation and have hence misrepresented, in varying ways, the content of his law of nature and its relation to justice and individual rights. Grotius, I contend, created logical space for supererogation by making natural obligation rather than natural morality determinative of natural law. Natural law regulates only those actions that are obligatory or illicit by their nature (i.e. without human or divine command). Acting in accordance with virtues other than justice is intrinsically morally good but not usually morally required. However, circumstances may fall out such that otherwise supererogatory actions cannot be omitted without committing a moral wrong: natural law is then rendering their performance mandatory.

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格劳秀斯论自然法和超职权

摘要：本文对格劳秀斯的自然法概念进行了新颖的解释。先前的解释忽略了格劳秀斯的超权主义学说，因此以不同的方式歪曲了他的自然法的内容及其与正义和个人权利的关系。我认为，格劳秀斯通过使自然义务而不是自然道德成为自然法的决定性因素，为超责创造了逻辑空间。自然法仅规范那些由于其性质而具有强制性或非法性的行为（即，没有人类或神圣的命令）。按照正义以外的美德行事本质上是道德上的善，但通常不需要道德。然而，情况可能会出现这样的情况，否则在不犯道德错误的情况下，不能省略超责行为：