The aim of this study is to investigate the structure and complexity of emotional states experienced by young musicians before entering the stage and to explain the influence of emotional beliefs on their pre-performance emotions. Emotions were elicited with a guided imagery induction, where 222 students aged 9- to 12-years-old recalled their most recent concert memory. They described their emotions on the list of 18 emotions (nine pairs of contrary emotions) and answered three questions measuring music performance anxiety (MPA) beliefs: MPA utility beliefs, MPA regulation beliefs, and audience attitude beliefs. The cluster analysis results show the complexity and multiplicity of emotional states reported by young musicians. Five emotional profiles vary from negative emotions of fear and sadness (High MPA) through a mixture of positive and negative emotions (Moderate MPA, Hesitation, Ambivalence) to positive emotions of confidence, courage and happiness (Composure-Confidence). Beliefs that MPA has negative impact on performance, beliefs of inefficacy in managing MPA and perceived audience pressure rather than support were related to High and Moderate MPA profiles. Practical implications for music education are discussed.

中文翻译：

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年轻音乐家的表演前情绪和音乐表演焦虑信念

这项研究的目的是调查年轻音乐家进入舞台之前所经历的情绪状态的结构和复杂性，并解释情绪信念对其表演前情绪的影响。情绪是通过引导性的图像感应引发的，其中222位9至12岁的学生回忆了他们最近的音乐会记忆。他们在18种情绪（九对相反的情绪）列表中描述了自己的情绪，并回答了三个衡量音乐表演焦虑（MPA）信念的问题：MPA效用信念，MPA调节信念和听众态度信念。聚类分析结果显示年轻音乐家报告的情绪状态的复杂性和多样性。五个情绪特征从恐惧和悲伤的负面情绪（高MPA）到正面和负面情绪（中度MPA，犹豫，矛盾）的混合变化到自信，勇气和幸福的正面情绪（沉着自信）。MPA对绩效有负面影响的信念，管理MPA效率低下的信念以及感知到的受众压力而不是支持的信念与MPA高和中等有关。讨论了对音乐教育的实际意义。