This paper concerns the problem of authenticating the transmitter without a secret key. In comparison with traditional cryptographic-based authentication mechanisms, the Physical-Layer Authentication (PLA) has the following advantages: high security, low complexity, and high compatibility, since it exploits intrinsic and unique features of the physical layer to authenticate the transmitter rather than using a secret key. The prior channel-based PLA schemes use a quantization algorithm to deal with multiple channel-based features for simplicity. However, there are two main limitations in the prior schemes: performance loss due to quantization error and the difficulty of obtaining the optimal thresholds in closed-form. In this paper, we propose two multiple Channel Impulse Response (CIR) based PLA schemes to effectively overcome the aforementioned limitations of the prior schemes. The first scheme uses multiple CIRs to realize the PLA, which is named as the Multiple CIRs PLA (MCP) scheme. The MCP scheme has better authentication performance than the prior schemes, since it avoids to use a quantization algorithm. The second scheme further improves the authentication performance by exploiting the channel correlation coefficient, which is named as the Enhanced Multiple CIRs PLA (EMCP) scheme. We provide rigorous performance analysis of two proposed schemes. We implemented the proposed schemes and conducted extensive performance comparisons through simulations. Our experimental results show that the closed-form expressions of the theoretical results of the proposed schemes perfectly match the corresponding simulation results. The EMCP scheme has the best authentication performance and the MCP scheme is the second one, whereas the prior scheme is the worst one. As the SNR or the channel correlation coefficient declines, the performance gap among various schemes gradually increases.

中文翻译：

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使用多个基于通道的功能进行物理层身份验证


本文涉及在没有密钥的情况下验证发送器的问题。与传统的基于密码的认证机制相比，物理层认证（PLA）具有以下优点：安全性高、复杂度低、兼容性高，因为它利用物理层固有的、独特的特性来对发送方进行认证，而不是对发送端进行认证。使用密钥。为了简单起见，先前基于通道的 PLA 方案使用量化算法来处理多个基于通道的特征。然而，现有方案存在两个主要限制：由于量化误差导致的性能损失以及难以获得封闭形式的最佳阈值。在本文中，我们提出了两种基于多通道脉冲响应（CIR）的PLA方案，以有效克服现有方案的上述局限性。第一种方案使用多个CIR来实现PLA，称为多CIR PLA（MCP）方案。 MCP方案比现有方案具有更好的认证性能，因为它避免使用量化算法。第二种方案通过利用信道相关系数进一步提高认证性能，称为增强型多CIR PLA (EMCP)方案。我们对两种提议的方案进行了严格的性能分析。我们实施了所提出的方案，并通过模拟进行了广泛的性能比较。我们的实验结果表明，所提出方案的理论结果的封闭式表达式与相应的仿真结果完美匹配。 EMCP方案的认证性能最好，MCP方案次之，而现有方案最差。 随着SNR或信道相关系数的下降，各种方案之间的性能差距逐渐增大。