Soot engine-out emissions are no longer a prerogative of Diesel engines. Emission regulations related to Gasoline units aim to curb the soot emissions along with other pollutants. In this scenario, Computational Fluid Dynamics (CFD) is a very promising research and development tool to explore the influence of engine design and operational parameters, as well as of the fuel chemical nature, on the particulate matter formation. Among the soot models, the Sectional Method is an advanced resource to provide information on Particle Number, Particulate Mass and Particle Size Distribution. In this study, the Sectional Method is applied in conjunction with a customized soot library, where the source terms governing the soot sections transport equations are stored. The library is computed via chemical kinetics simulation of a 0D constant pressure reactor, which provides fuel-related coefficients for each individual source term over the entire range of conditions experienced by the 3D-CFD model. 3D-CFD simulations are then carried out for three different injection timings without case-by-case tuning. Numerical results are then compared to the experimental dataset by using a consistent methodology. A satisfactory agreement between 3D-CFD results and experimental measurements is reached for soot mass and particle numbers, while the particle size distribution function is only partially reproduced. Soot-related quantities are thoroughly analyzed for each of the examined injection strategies to understand the mechanisms leading to soot formation and emissions.

烟灰排放不再是柴油机的特权。与汽油装置有关的排放法规旨在遏制烟尘排放以及其他污染物。在这种情况下，计算流体动力学（CFD）是一个非常有前途的研发工具，旨在探索发动机设计和运行参数以及燃料化学性质对颗粒物形成的影响。在烟灰模型中，“截面法”是一种高级资源，可提供有关颗粒数，颗粒质量和粒径分布的信息。在这项研究中，将“分段方法”与自定义的烟灰库一起应用，其中存储了控制烟灰截面传输方程的源项。该库是通过0D恒压反应器的化学动力学模拟计算得出的，可以在3D-CFD模型所经历的整个条件范围内为每个单独的源项提供与燃料相关的系数。然后针对三个不同的喷射时间进行3D-CFD模拟，而无需进行逐例调整。然后使用一致的方法将数值结果与实验数据集进行比较。3D-CFD结果与实验测量结果在烟尘质量和颗粒数量方面达成了令人满意的协议，而粒径分布函数仅得到部分再现。对于每种检查的喷射策略，都会对烟灰相关量进行全面分析，以了解导致烟灰形成和排放的机制。然后针对三个不同的喷射时间进行3D-CFD模拟，而无需进行逐例调整。然后使用一致的方法将数值结果与实验数据集进行比较。3D-CFD结果与实验测量结果在烟尘质量和颗粒数量方面达成了令人满意的协议，而粒径分布函数仅得到部分再现。对于每种检查的喷射策略，都会对烟灰相关量进行全面分析，以了解导致烟灰形成和排放的机制。然后针对三个不同的喷射时间进行3D-CFD模拟，而无需进行逐例调整。然后使用一致的方法将数值结果与实验数据集进行比较。3D-CFD结果与实验测量结果在烟尘质量和颗粒数量方面达成了令人满意的协议，而粒径分布函数仅得到部分再现。对于每种检查的喷射策略，都会对烟灰相关量进行全面分析，以了解导致烟灰形成和排放的机制。3D-CFD结果与实验测量结果在烟尘质量和颗粒数量方面达成了令人满意的协议，而粒径分布函数仅得到部分再现。对于每种检查的喷射策略，都会对烟灰相关量进行全面分析，以了解导致烟灰形成和排放的机制。3D-CFD结果与实验测量结果在烟尘质量和颗粒数量方面达成了令人满意的协议，而粒径分布函数仅得到部分再现。对于每种检查的喷射策略，都会对烟灰相关量进行全面分析，以了解导致烟灰形成和排放的机制。