Background The prevalence of venous thromboembolic event (VTE) and arterial thromboembolic event (ATE) thromboembolic events in patients with COVID-19 remains largely unknown. Methods In this meta-analysis, we systematically searched for observational studies describing the prevalence of VTE and ATE in COVID-19 up to 30 September 2020. Results We analysed findings from 102 studies (64 503 patients). The frequency of COVID-19-related VTE was 14.7% (95% CI 12.1% to 17.6%, I2=94%; 56 studies; 16 507 patients). The overall prevalence rates of pulmonary embolism (PE) and leg deep vein thrombosis were 7.8% (95% CI 6.2% to 9.4%, I2=94%; 66 studies; 23 117 patients) and 11.2% (95% CI 8.4% to 14.3%, I2=95%; 48 studies; 13 824 patients), respectively. Few were isolated subsegmental PE. The VTE prevalence was significantly higher in intensive care unit (ICU) (23.2%, 95% CI 17.5% to 29.6%, I2=92%, vs 9.0%, 95% CI 6.9% to 11.4%, I2=95%; pinteraction<0.0001) and in series systematically screening patients compared with series testing symptomatic patients (25.2% vs 12.7%, pinteraction=0.04). The frequency rates of overall ATE, acute coronary syndrome, stroke and other ATE were 3.9% (95% CI 2.0% to to 3.0%, I2=96%; 16 studies; 7939 patients), 1.6% (95% CI 1.0% to 2.2%, I2=93%; 27 studies; 40 597 patients) and 0.9% (95% CI 0.5% to 1.5%, I2=84%; 17 studies; 20 139 patients), respectively. Metaregression and subgroup analyses failed to explain heterogeneity of overall ATE. High heterogeneity limited the value of estimates. Conclusions Patients admitted in the ICU for severe COVID-19 had a high risk of VTE. Conversely, further studies are needed to determine the specific effects of COVID-19 on the risk of ATE or VTE in less severe forms of the disease. All data relevant to the study are included in the article or uploaded as supplementary information. Data have been provided in the figures and tables.

中文翻译：

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COVID-19 中的动脉和静脉血栓栓塞：研究级荟萃分析

背景 COVID-19 患者中静脉血栓栓塞事件 (VTE) 和动脉血栓栓塞事件 (ATE) 的发生率仍然很大程度上未知。方法 在这项荟萃分析中，我们系统地检索了截至 2020 年 9 月 30 日描述 COVID-19 中 VTE 和 ATE 患病率的观察性研究。结果 我们分析了 102 项研究（64 503 名患者）的结果。COVID-19 相关 VTE 的发生率为 14.7%（95% CI 12.1% 至 17.6%，I2=94%；56 项研究；16 507 名患者）。肺栓塞（PE）和腿部深静脉血栓形成的总体患病率分别为 7.8%（95% CI 6.2% 至 9.4%，I2=94%；66 项研究；23 117 名患者）和 11.2%（95% CI 8.4% 至 9.4%）和 11.2%（95% CI 8.4% 至14.3%，I2=95%；48 项研究；13 824 名患者）。很少有孤立的亚段PE。重症监护病房 (ICU) 的 VTE 患病率显着较高（23.2%，95% CI 17.5% 至 29.6%，I2=92%，vs 9.0%，95% CI 6.9% 至 11.4%，I2=95%；pinteraction <0.0001），并与系列测试有症状的患者相比进行系列系统筛查患者（25.2% vs 12.7%，pinteraction = 0.04）。总体 ATE、急性冠脉综合征、卒中和其他 ATE 的频率分别为 3.9%（95% CI 2.0% 至 3.0%，I2=96%；16 项研究；7939 名患者）、1.6%（95% CI 1.0% 至 3.0%，I2=96%；16 项研究；7939 名患者） 2.2%，I2=93%；27 项研究；40 597 名患者）和 0.9%（95% CI 0.5% 至 1.5%，I2=84%；17 项研究；20 139 名患者）。元回归和亚组分析未能解释总体 ATE 的异质性。高度异质性限制了估计值。结论 因重症 COVID-19 入住 ICU 的患者发生 VTE 的风险较高。相反，需要进一步研究来确定 COVID-19 对不太严重的疾病形式的 ATE 或 VTE 风险的具体影响。与研究相关的所有数据都包含在文章中或作为补充信息上传。数据已在图表中提供。