Objectives We investigated whether high responsiveness or low responsiveness to exercise training aggregates in the same individuals across seven cardiometabolic traits. Methods A total of 564 adults (29.2% black, 53.7% female) from the HERITAGE family study completed a 20-week endurance training programme (at 55%–75% of participants’ maximal oxygen uptake (VO2max)) with VO2max, per cent body fat, visceral adipose tissue, fasting levels of insulin, high-density lipoprotein cholesterol, small low-density lipoprotein particles and inflammatory marker GlycA measured before and after training. For each exercise response trait, we created ethnicity-specific, sex-specific and generation-specific quintiles. High responses were defined as those within the 20th percentile representing the favourable end of the response trait distribution, low responses were defined as the 20th percentile from the least favourable end, and the remaining were labelled as average responses. Results Only one individual had universally high or low responses for all seven cardiometabolic traits. Almost half (49%) of the cohort had at least one high response and one low response across the seven traits. About 24% had at least one high response but no low responses, 24% had one or more low responses but no high responses, and 2.5% had average responses across all traits. Conclusions Interindividual variation in exercise responses was evident in all the traits we investigated, and responsiveness did not aggregate consistently in the same individuals. While adherence to an exercise prescription is known to produce health benefits, targeted risk factors may not improve. Data are available on reasonable request of the corresponding author.

中文翻译：

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定期锻炼和多种心脏代谢特征的反应模式：HERITAGE 家族研究

目标 我们调查了同一个体对运动训练的高反应性或低反应性是否在七种心脏代谢特征中聚集。方法 来自 HERITAGE 家庭研究的总共 564 名成年人（29.2% 黑人，53.7% 女性）完成了为期 20 周的耐力训练计划（参与者最大摄氧量 (VO2max) 的 55%–75%），最大摄氧量，百分比训练前后测量的身体脂肪、内脏脂肪组织、空腹胰岛素水平、高密度脂蛋白胆固醇、低密度脂蛋白小颗粒和炎症标志物 GlycA。对于每个运动反应特征，我们创建了特定种族、特定性别和特定世代的五分位数。高响应被定义为代表响应特征分布的有利端的第 20 个百分位数内的响应，低反应被定义为从最不喜欢的一端开始的第 20 个百分位数，其余的被标记为平均反应。结果 只有一个人对所有七种心脏代谢特征的反应普遍高或低。几乎一半 (49%) 的队列对七个特征至少有一个高反应和一个低反应。大约 24% 的人至少有一项高反应但没有低反应，24% 的人有一项或多项低反应但没有高反应，2.5% 的人对所有特征的反应一般。结论 在我们调查的所有特征中，运动反应的个体差异是显而易见的，并且反应性在同一个体中不会一致地聚集。虽然众所周知，坚持运动处方对健康有益，但目标风险因素可能不会改善。