Deforestation shows the constant environmental degradation that occurs worldwide as a result of the growth of economic activity and the increase in population. This research examines the causal link between renewable energy consumption, GDP, GDP², non-renewable energy price, population growth and forest area in high, middle- and low-income countries. Based on data obtained from World Development Indicators, the autoregressive distributed lag model, with a time series, is used to examine the long-term cointegration relationship between the variables. The results justify the existence of a joint long-term relationship between the variables analysed for the middle-income countries and low-income countries. When the forest area is not at its equilibrium level, the speed of adjustment is slow (0.44% and 8.7%), which is typical of the nature of this natural resource. An increase in the consumption of renewable energy is associated with an increase between 0.04 and 0.02 square kilometres of forest cover, respectively. The research does not show evidence about the equilibrium relationship in the short term. Growth in renewable energy consumption is one of the main drivers for preserving the forest area. Therefore, those responsible for making economic policies must aim their measures towards the use of clean energy.

中文翻译：

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森林保护与可再生能源消费：ARDL方法

森林砍伐表明，由于经济活动的增长和人口的增加，全世界范围内环境不断退化。这项研究探讨了可再生能源消耗，GDP，GDP ²之间的因果关系，高，中，低收入国家的不可再生能源价格，人口增长和森林面积。基于从世界发展指标获得的数据，具有时间序列的自回归分布滞后模型用于检验变量之间的长期协整关系。结果证明，在分析中等收入国家和低收入国家的变量之间存在长期的联合长期关系。当森林面积未达到平衡水平时，调整速度很慢（0.44％和8.7％），这是这种自然资源的典型特征。可再生能源消耗的增加分别与森林覆盖面积增加0.04到0.02平方公里有关。该研究没有显示出短期内关于平衡关系的证据。可再生能源消费的增长是保护森林面积的主要驱动力之一。因此，那些负责制定经济政策的人必须将其措施对准清洁能源的使用。