ABSTRACT

Between 1940 and 1945 Italy experienced all the trials of total war. Subsequently, Italian historiography has focused on reconstructing the causes of civilian losses during the conflict. Much less attention has been paid to official recognition of, and assistance to, the members of the civil population who survived the conflict. This article will show how the inadequate legislative preparations made by the Fascist regime for total war had an adverse impact on requests for assistance from survivors. It will also reveal how the continuity between Fascism and the early Republican years as regards welfare and legislation continued to hamper victims’ access to support and assistance. Finally, it explores how personal judicial battles conducted by individual victims shifted the paradigm of legislation and opened the way for a broader recognition of victims’ rights by the state.

摘要

1940 年至 1945 年间，意大利经历了全面战争的所有考验。随后，意大利的史学侧重于重建冲突期间平民损失的原因。对在冲突中幸存的平民成员的官方承认和援助的关注要少得多。本文将展示法西斯政权为全面战争所做的立法准备不足如何对幸存者的援助请求产生不利影响。它还将揭示法西斯主义与共和党早期在福利和立法方面的连续性如何继续阻碍受害者获得支持和援助。最后，