Local governments react to one another in expenditure. However, the existing literature concerning these reactions suffer from one of three problems: timing dynamics, county behaviour, or over aggregation. City-to-city interaction estimates are shown to shrink up to 50% when appropriately dealing with dynamics and county behaviour using a dynamic spatial Durbin model with a maximum likelihood estimator. Expenditure disaggregation shows that the majority of categories have no spillover. One category, general government expenditure, is responsible for nearly all of the variation. This finding does not fit well with the existing theories for spatial interaction.

中文翻译：

---

衡量地方联邦制中的财政互动：来自佛罗里达州的证据

地方政府在支出上相互反应。然而，关于这些反应的现有文献存在以下三个问题之一：时间动态、县行为或过度聚合。当使用具有最大似然估计量的动态空间杜宾模型适当处理动态和县行为时，城市间交互估计最多可缩小 50%。支出分解表明，大多数类别没有溢出。一类是一般政府支出，几乎是所有变化的原因。这一发现并不符合现有的空间相互作用理论。