Abstract

Engineer-to-Order (ETO) companies with subsequent assembly on-site develop and manufacture highly customised goods that must be finally installed at the customer’s site under time and budget constraints. Traditional losses are caused by external factors (e.g. frequent changes by the customer) as well as within the supply chain (e.g. assembly errors on-site). Generally, Lean methods can be applied to mitigate these losses, but considering the ETO industry, various implementation barriers exist. Through a systematic literature review, we propose a framework that lists and categorises Lean implementation barriers in: organisation, management, knowledge, culture, finances, customer, and non-context specific ones. Further research should focus on validating the framework with empirical data and investigating if and how new technologies could help overcome these barriers.

摘要

后续现场组装的按订单设计 (ETO) 公司开发和制造高度定制的产品，这些产品必须在时间和预算限制下最终安装在客户现场。传统损失是由外部因素（例如客户频繁更改）和供应链内部因素（例如现场装配错误）造成的。通常，可以应用精益方法来减轻这些损失，但考虑到 ETO 行业，存在各种实施障碍。通过系统的文献回顾，我们提出了一个框架，该框架列出并分类了以下方面的精益实施障碍：组织、管理、知识、文化、财务、客户和非上下文特定的障碍。