Household heating using wood stoves is common practice in many rural areas of the United States (US) and can lead to elevated concentrations of indoor fine particulate matter (PM_2.5). We collected 6-day measures of indoor PM_2.5 during the winter and evaluated household and stove-use characteristics in homes at three rural and diverse study sites. The median indoor PM_2.5 concentration across all homes was 19 µg/m³, with higher concentrations in Alaska (median = 30, minimum = 4, maximum = 200, n = 10) and Navajo Nation homes (median = 29, minimum = 3, maximum = 105, n = 23) compared with Montana homes (median = 16, minimum = 2, maximum = 139, n = 59). Households that had not cleaned the chimney within the past year had 65% higher geometric mean PM_2.5 compared to those with chimney cleaned within 6 months (95% confidence interval [CI]: −1, 170). Based on a novel wood stove grading method, homes with low-quality and medium-quality stoves had substantially higher PM_2.5 compared to homes with higher-quality stoves (186% higher [95% CI: 32, 519] and 161% higher; [95% CI:27, 434], respectively). Our findings highlight the need for, and complex nature of, regionally appropriate interventions to reduce indoor air pollution in rural wood-burning regions. Higher-quality stoves and behavioral practices such as regular chimney cleaning may help improve indoor air quality in such homes.

中文翻译：

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用木质燃料加热的美国农村家庭的室内细颗粒物和人口、家庭和柴炉特征

在美国 (US) 的许多农村地区，使用柴火炉进行家庭取暖是常见的做法，并且会导致室内细颗粒物 (PM _2.5 ) 浓度升高。我们在冬季收集了为期 6 天的室内 PM _2.5测量值，并评估了三个农村和不同研究地点的家庭和炉灶使用特征。_{所有家庭的室内 PM 2.5}浓度中位数为 19 µg/m ³，与蒙大拿州的房屋（中位数= 16，最小值 = 2，最大值 = 139，n = 59）。与在 6 个月内清洁烟囱的家庭相比，过去一年内未清洁烟囱的家庭的 PM _2.5几何平均数高出 65% （95% 置信区间 [CI]：-1, 170）。基于一种新颖的柴炉分级方法，拥有低质量和中等质量炉灶的家庭的 PM _{2.5显着升高}与拥有更高质量炉灶的家庭相比（分别高出 186% [95% CI: 32, 519] 和 161%; [95% CI:27, 434]）。我们的研究结果强调了采取区域适当干预措施以减少农村燃木地区室内空气污染的必要性和复杂性。更高质量的炉灶和行为习惯（例如定期清洁烟囱）可能有助于改善此类家庭的室内空气质量。