Broaching is extensively used in aerospace industry due to the good dimensional quality and surface integrity condition obtained. However, the coupled workload of heat and cutting forces make broaching tool having the problem of serious wear. Many studies have shown that the use of biomimetic microstructure can reduce the cutting load, but the load reduction mechanism is unclear. In this regard, a novel dry broaching experiment, inspired by the dung beetle surface, was designed to investigate the load reduction mechanism of microstructure broach. To reveal the mechanism, the broaching load, chip reduction coefficient and tool-chip adhesion length were compared with four kinds of rake face microstructures, which is conventional broach (without microstructures), biomimetic one (BM), micro-pit (PM) and micro-groove (GM). And all of above microstructures were fabricated by single point diamond tool (SPDT). It can be found that the biomimetic microstructure (BM) can reduce more tool-chip contact area, meanwhile enhance the ability of capturing debris. Otherwise, the obtained results revealed that biomimetic microstructures (BM) broach could reduce broaching load, chip reduction coefficient and tool-chip adhesion length by amount of 12.31 %, 8.23 % and 18.38 % compared to conventional one, respectively.

由于获得了良好的尺寸质量和表面完整性条件，拉削已广泛用于航空航天工业。然而，热和切削力的耦合工作量使拉削工具具有严重磨损的问题。许多研究表明，仿生微结构的使用可以减少切削负荷，但减负荷机理尚不清楚。在这方面，受粪便甲虫表面的启发，设计了一种新颖的干式拉床实验，以研究微结构拉床的减荷机理。为了揭示机理，将拉削载荷，切屑减小系数和工具-切屑粘附长度与四种前刀面微观结构进行了比较，它们是常规的拉削（无微观结构），仿生的一种（BM），微坑（PM）和微型凹槽（GM）。以上所有微结构均采用单点金刚石工具（SPDT）制造。可以发现，仿生微结构（BM）可以减少更多的工具-芯片接触面积，同时提高捕获碎屑的能力。否则，所获得的结果表明，仿生微结构（BM）拉刀与传统的拉刀相比，可分别降低拉削负荷，切屑减小系数和工具-切屑粘附长度分别为12.31％，8.23％和18.38％。