Ethiprole is effective against a wide range of insects and has been used throughout the world. In this work, the toxicity, bioaccumulation and elimination of ethiprole and its main metabolites (ethiprole sulfone (M1), ethiprole sulfide (M2), ethiprole amide (M3), ethiprole sulfone amide (M4) and desethylsulfinyl ethiprole (M5)) in zebrafish Danio rerio were investigated at enantiomeric level. Rac-ethiprole showed high toxicity (96 h LC₅₀ = 708 μg L⁻¹) and M2 was six times more toxic than ethiprole (111 μg L⁻¹). Enantioselective toxicity was observed, with the S-ethiprole (924 μg L⁻¹) being more toxic than R-ethiprole (2195 μg·L⁻¹). Rac-ethiprole and M2 could induce oxidative stress in the liver of adult zebrafish and developmental toxicity in zebrafish embryos. Zebrafish were exposed to 100 μg L⁻¹ rac-/R-/S-ethiprole and the bioaccumulation was monitored during a 21 d period followed by a 7 d metabolism. The bioconcentration factor (BCF) of rac-ethiprole was 17, and the half-lives of rac-ethiprole and metabolites varied between 0.44 and 2.99 d. R-ethiprole was preferentially accumulated and metabolized in zebrafish. Besides, the metabolic pathways of R- and S-ethiprole were found to be different. This study indicated assessment of metabolites and enantioselectivity should be taken into consideration in evaluating environmental risks of ethiprole.

Ethiprole对多种昆虫均有效，并且已在世界范围内使用。在这项工作中，在斑马鱼中毒性，生物蓄积和消除乙乙胺及其主要代谢物（乙乙腈砜（M1），乙乙腈硫化物（M2），乙乙酰胺（M3），乙乙砜酰胺（M4）和去乙基亚磺酰基乙锭（M5））Danio rerio在对映体水平上进行了研究。Rac-ethiprole表现出高毒性（96 h LC ₅₀ = 708μgL ^-1），M2的毒性是乙乙腈（111μgL ^-1）的六倍。观察到对映选择性毒性，其中S-乙腈（924μgL ^-1）比R-乙丙胺（2195μg·L ^-1）具有更高的毒性。）。Rac-ethiprole和M2可以诱导成年斑马鱼肝脏中的氧化应激，并引起斑马鱼胚胎发育毒性。斑马鱼暴露于100μgL ^-1 rac- / R- / S-乙腈中，并在21 d期间监测其生物蓄积，然后进行7 d代谢。rac-ethiprole的生物浓缩因子（BCF）为17，rac-ethiprole和代谢产物的半衰期在0.44到2.99 d之间变化。R-ethiprole在斑马鱼中优先积累和代谢。此外，发现R-和S-乙炔的代谢途径是不同的。这项研究表明，在评估乙丙胺的环境风险时应考虑代谢物的评估和对映选择性。