Metal sulfide/carbon composites have emerged as promising sodium-storage anode materials because of their decent theoretical capacities and low cost. Nevertheless, conventional metal sulfide/carbon nanocomposites are generally prepared via wet-chemical methods such as solvothermal routes, which is fussy and hard to scale up for mass production. Herein, we develop a facile solid-state method, in which a Fe_1−xS@N-doped carbon composite threaded by CNTs (FS@NC@CNT) is prepared by directly annealing a ball-milled mixture containing iron (III) diethyldithiocarbamate complex and graphitized multi-walled CNTs. Highly dispersed Fe_1-xS nanophase in N-doped carbon together with the highly conductive graphitized CNT networks greatly facilitate ion transport and electron transfer and thus promote the conversion reaction kinetics. The FS@NC@CNT composite exhibits competitive reversible capacity (440 mAh g⁻¹ at 0.05 A g⁻¹), excellent rate capacity (330 mAh g⁻¹ at 10 A g⁻¹), and good cyclic stability (86.5% capacity retention after 450 cycles at 7 A g⁻¹). Coupled with Na₃(VO_0.5PO₄) ₂F₂ @GO cathode, the full sodium-ion battery (SIBs) exhibits a high capacity retention of 98% after 80 cycles at 0.2 A g⁻¹. Inspired by such excellent sodium storage performance in both half and full SIBs, the potential application of the composite in sodium-ion hybrid capacitors (SIHCs) is further studies by coupling with zeolite-templated carbon as a cathode. The SIHC device can maintain 80% capacity after 4500 cycles at 1 A g⁻¹.

金属硫化物/碳复合材料因其合理的理论容量和低成本而成为有前途的钠存储阳极材料。然而，常规的金属硫化物/碳纳米复合材料通常是通过湿化学方法例如溶剂热途径制备的，该方法易繁琐且难以大规模生产。在这里，我们开发了一种简便的固态方法，其中通过直接退火含铁（III）的球磨混合物来制备由CNTs掺入Fe ₁ - _x S @ N的碳复合材料（FS @ NC @ CNT）。二乙基二硫代氨基甲酸酯络合物和石墨化的多壁碳纳米管。高度分散的Fe _{1- x}N掺杂碳中的S纳米相与高导电性的石墨化CNT网络一起极大地促进了离子传输和电子转移，从而促进了转化反应动力学。该FS @ NC @ CNT复合物表现出竞争性可逆容量（440毫安克^-1 0.05 A G ^-1），优良的速率容量（330毫安克^-1以10 A G ^-1），和良好的循环稳定性（86.5％容量在7 A g ^{-1的条件下}进行450次循环后的保持力。完整的钠离子电池（SIB）与Na ₃（VO _0.5 PO ₄）₂ F ₂ @GO阴极耦合，在0.2 A g ^-1的80个循环后表现出98％的高容量保持率。受到在半SIB和全SIB中如此优异的钠存储性能的启发，该复合材料在钠离子混合电容器（SIHC）中的潜在应用是通过与沸石模板碳作为阴极偶联而进一步研究的。SIHC器件在4500次循环后在1 A g ^-1下可以保持80％的容量。