Emerging smartphone-based point-of-care tests (POCTs) are cost-effective, precise, and easy to implement in resource-limited areas. Thus, they are considered a potential alternative to conventional diagnostic testing. This review explores food safety and the detection of metal ions in environmental water based on unprecedented smartphone technology. Specifically, we provide an overview of various methods used for target analyte detection (antibiotics, enzymes, mycotoxins, pathogens, pesticides, small molecules, and metal ions), such as colorimetric, fluorescence, microscopic imaging, and electrochemical methods. This paper performs a comprehensive review of smartphone-based POCTs developed in the last three years (2018–2020) and evaluates their relative advantages and limitations. Moreover, we discuss the imperative role of new technology in the progress of POCTs. Sensor materials (metal nanoparticles, carbon dots, quantum dots, organic substrates, etc.) and detection techniques (paper-based, later flow assay, microfluidic platform, etc.) involved in POCTs based on smartphones, and the challenges faced by these techniques, are addressed.

新兴的基于智能手机的即时检验（POCT）具有成本效益，精确且易于在资源有限的地区实施。因此，它们被认为是常规诊断测试的潜在替代品。这篇评论基于前所未有的智能手机技术探索了食品安全性和环境水中金属离子的检测。具体而言，我们概述了用于目标分析物检测的各种方法（抗生素，酶，霉菌毒素，病原体，农药，小分子和金属离子），例如比色法，荧光法，显微成像法和电化学法。本文对最近三年（2018-2020年）开发的基于智能手机的POCT进行了全面回顾，并评估了它们的相对优势和局限性。而且，我们讨论了新技术在POCT进程中的重要作用。基于智能手机的POCT中涉及的传感器材料（金属纳米颗粒，碳点，量子点，有机基质等）和检测技术（基于纸的，稍后的流动分析，微流体平台等），以及这些技术面临的挑战，已解决。