Context

Forest landscapes worldwide are shaped by abiotic drivers such as fire, windstorms, and drought, but also by biotic drivers like insect pests and pathogens. Although the effects of such drivers on forest dynamics have been studied extensively, knowledge of the interactions between insect pests and other drivers of change is still coarse and fragmented. Indeed, new invasive insect species and global change may lead to novel interactions and produce impacts on forest ecosystems never before experienced.

Objectives

We aimed to review the mechanisms underlying interactions between insect pest outbreaks and other forest disturbances, identify interactions emerging from current disturbance dynamics, and highlight the role of simulation models in exploring these interactions in a dynamic, mechanistic, and spatially explicit manner.

Methods

We reviewed the state of the science regarding interactions between insect pests and other forest disturbances, collecting a set of 216 scientific articles.

Results

Most studies focused on the interaction between insect outbreaks and fire, whereas interactions between insect pests and drought, forest management or forest diseases received much less attention. Although we identified some trends in how interactions were manifested, interactions were not more commonly found at particular spatial or temporal scales. Relatively few studies used simulation models to explore interactions between disturbances and very few studies explored multiple interactions.

Conclusions

Interactions between pests and other forest disturbances play critical roles in driving forest dynamics. The effects of these interactions are likely to increase in the face of continuing global change.

中文翻译：

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虫害与其他森林干扰之间相互作用的全球回顾

语境

全世界的森林景观是由非生物驱动因素（例如火灾，暴风雨和干旱）影响的，也受生物驱动因素（例如害虫和病原体）的影响。尽管已经广泛研究了这种驱动因素对森林动态的影响，但是关于害虫与其他变化驱动因素之间相互作用的知识仍然很粗糙且支离破碎。确实，新的入侵昆虫物种和全球变化可能导致新的相互作用，并对森林生态系统产生前所未有的影响。

目标

我们的目的是审查害虫暴发与其他森林干扰之间相互作用的潜在机制，确定当前干扰动态中出现的相互作用，并强调模拟模型在动态，机械化和空间明确的方式探索这些相互作用中的作用。

方法

我们回顾了有关虫害与其他森林干扰之间相互作用的科学状态，收集了216篇科学文章。

结果

大多数研究集中于昆虫爆发和火灾之间的相互作用，而虫害与干旱，森林管理或森林疾病之间的相互作用受到的关注则少得多。尽管我们发现了交互作用表现的一些趋势，但在特定的空间或时间尺度上交互作用并不常见。相对较少的研究使用模拟模型来探索干扰之间的相互作用，而很少有研究探索多种相互作用。

结论

有害生物与其他森林干扰之间的相互作用在推动森林动态方面发挥着关键作用。面对持续的全球变化，这些相互作用的影响可能会增加。