This essay offers a survey of critical studies of caricature—as in the art of physiognomic exaggeration and distortion—in 18th-century Britain. It reviews scholarship that has grappled with such questions as: what is caricature and how do we recognize it? Why caricature? How does caricature make itself felt within the hierarchies of 18th-century British culture? When and why does it emerge in Britain as a dominant mode of visual satire? What, in this cultural matrix, is its politics, if it can be said to have a politics at all? And can we speak of caricature as a verbal practice as much as a graphic one? This essay begins with a consideration of early efforts to formulate a theory of caricature before turning to more recent contributions to the field that have sought to map the cultural politics of caricature's presence within 18th-century graphic satire. In a final section, it then considers the work undertaken to trace practices of caricature on stage and in the novel.

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18世纪英国的漫画创作

本文提供了对漫画的批判性研究的综述，例如在18世纪的英国，在生理学上的夸张和变形领域。它审查了解决以下问题的奖学金：什么是漫画，我们如何认识它？为什么要漫画？漫画如何使自己在18世纪英国文化的层次结构中感到自己？它何时以及为什么在英国成为一种主要的视觉讽刺方式？如果可以说完全具有政治意义，那么在这种文化矩阵中，其政治意义是什么？我们能否将讽刺漫画作为一种口头实践与绘画一样多？本文首先考虑了早期拟定漫画理论的努力，然后才转向对该领域的最新贡献，这些领域试图绘制漫画的文化政治图谱。出现在18世纪的讽刺画中。在最后一部分中，它接着考虑了为追溯舞台上和小说中的讽刺漫画而进行的工作。