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‘Marriage had bastilled me for life’: Propertied Women as Property in the Legal Fictions of Richardson, Wollstonecraft and Collins
Literature Compass ( IF 0.3 ) Pub Date : 2016-08-01 , DOI: 10.1111/lic3.12333
Fern Pullan 1
Affiliation  

When a woman married during the eighteenth century, according to Blackstone’s 'Commentaries on the Laws of England' (1765-69), her autonomous identity was removed and she was immediately classed as one with her husband. This consolidation into the husband’s own identity means that she is automatically classed as his property, as to incorporate and consolidate implies a taking over of ownership of the item being transferred – and thus, of course, a complete lack of self-governance over mind, body and actions on behalf of the woman. This leads to the perception that the woman has been transformed from a human into a mere thing, whilst still retaining human function. It is this mid-existence of the eighteenth and nineteenth century woman and her entrapment somewhere between human and thing that raises a key question. Is it possible for such a legal phenomenon to own property (thus, another thing) itself without repercussions – essentially, if the propertied woman was herself property? This ‘work in progress’ paper examines the extent to which this may be true, and if so, how it affected her identity as an independent human being in a patriarchal legal system over a specific time period by studying several themes of what are arguably legal fictions. The gendered inheritance of Samuel Richardson’s work and the obstacles this incurs due to the female’s lack of legal recognition in the eighteenth century are referred to, and explorations are made into the questions about inheritance, identity and what constitutes as property raised by the French Revolution of the 1790s, and the representations of this in Gothic and revolutionary literature, specifically Wollstonecraft’s 'Maria' (1798). Moreover, I consider the effects of the Gothic upon the development of sensation fiction, positing the latter as a direct descendant rather than subscribing to the notion of them being related but rigidly disparate, with sensation fiction suddenly emerging in the mid-nineteenth century (Hughes, 1980; Thomas, 1994; Herbert, 2008). Within these two genres, the entity of the married woman is well-established, but, I argue, warrants further examination of its representations of the legal entity of woman in her occupation of the domestic sphere as a wife and the social sphere as a single, propertied, legally existing woman in Wilkie Collins’s 'The Woman in White' (1860-61).

中文翻译:

“婚姻使我终生难过”:理查森,沃斯通克拉夫特和柯林斯的法律小说中,有财产的妇女作为财产

根据布莱克斯通(Blackstone)的《英格兰法律评论》(1765-69),当一名妇女在18世纪结婚时,她的自治身份被删除,她立即与丈夫归为一类。这种合并成丈夫的身份意味着她会自动被归类为丈夫的财产,因为合并和合并意味着对被转让物品的所有权的接管–因此,当然完全缺乏对自己的自治,代表女人的身体和动作。这导致人们认为女人已经从人类变成了单纯的东西,同时仍然保留着人类的功能。正是18和19世纪女性的这种中期存在以及她在人与事物之间的某种夹带提出了一个关键问题。这种法律现象是否有可能本身就拥有财产(因此,另一件事)而不会产生影响-本质上来说,如果受财产管理的妇女本身就是财产?这份“进行中的工作”论文探讨了可能是合法的几个主题,研究了在一定程度上这可能是正确的,如果是这样,它如何在特定时期内影响其作为父权制法律体系中独立人的身份。小说。提及塞缪尔·理查森(Samuel Richardson)作品的性别继承权以及由于18世纪女性缺乏法律认可而造成的障碍,并对有关继承,身份以及法国大革命所引起的财产构成的问题进行了探索。 1790年代及其在哥特式和革命文学中的体现,特别是Wollstonecraft的《玛丽亚》(Maria)(1798年)。此外,我认为哥特式小说对感觉小说的发展产生了影响,认为后者是直接的后代,而不是承认它们之间的联系是紧密相关的,但在19世纪中叶突然出现了感觉小说(休斯,1980;托马斯,1994;赫伯特,2008)。在这两种类型中,已婚妇女的实体是公认的,但我认为,有必要进一步审查其在家庭领域中作为妻子的妇女法律实体的代表形式,并将其作为一个单一的社会领域的代表。 ,是威尔基·柯林斯(Wilkie Collins)的《白衣女人》(The Woman in White)(1860-61)中合法拥有的妇女。认为后者是直接的后代,而不是承认它们是相关的,但完全不同,观念小说在19世纪中叶突然出现(Hughes,1980; Thomas,1994; Herbert,2008)。在这两种类型中,已婚妇女的实体是公认的,但我认为,有必要进一步审查其在家庭领域中作为妻子的妇女法律实体的代表形式,并将其作为一个单一的社会领域的代表。 ,是威尔基·柯林斯(Wilkie Collins)的《白衣女人》(The Woman in White)(1860-61)中合法拥有的妇女。认为后者是直接的后代,而不是承认它们是相关的,但完全不同,观念小说在19世纪中叶突然出现(Hughes,1980; Thomas,1994; Herbert,2008)。在这两种类型中,已婚妇女的实体是公认的,但我认为,有必要进一步审查其在家庭领域中作为妻子的妇女法律实体的代表形式,并将其作为一个单一的社会领域的代表。 ,是威尔基·柯林斯(Wilkie Collins)的《白衣女人》(The Woman in White)(1860-61)中合法拥有的妇女。
更新日期:2016-08-01
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