ABSTRACT:In recent years, critics have theorized ethically unproblematic versions of sympathy or empathy, ones that avoid cultural appropriation or the dismissal of crucial differences between witness and sufferer. Despite the admirable impulse of this project, this article claims that these sanitized versions cannot do justice to the complex ways that sympathy works in narrative communication, especially the varied ethical ends to which readers's sympathetic reactions can be put. This article focuses on a subset of narrative communication: unreliable narratives, which, despite their original conceptualization as building a relationship of distance between narrator and reader, often engage the reader's sympathy. This article uses three cases of unreliable narration, drawing on both fiction and film, to demonstrate both their different ethical effects and how frequently "feeling with" (sympathy) and "feeling for" (empathy) are conflated. This article shows sympathy not only to be ethically complex but powerful because of its ethical complexity.

中文翻译：

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不可靠中的亲密：叙事传播中的同情、同理心和伦理

摘要：近年来，批评家将同情或移情的伦理上没有问题的版本理论化，避免文化挪用或忽视证人和受害者之间的关键差异。尽管这个项目的冲动令人钦佩，但本文声称这些经过消毒的版本无法公正地处理同情在叙事传播中起作用的复杂方式，尤其是读者可以产生同情反应的各种伦理目的。本文关注叙事传播的一个子集：不可靠的叙事，尽管它们最初的概念是在叙述者和读者之间建立一种距离关系，但经常引起读者的同情。本文使用三个不靠谱的案例，取材于小说和电影，展示它们不同的伦理效果以及“感觉”（同情）和“感觉”（同理心）混为一谈的频率。这篇文章表明同情不仅在伦理上复杂，而且由于其伦理复杂性而强大。