In the United Kingdom, motor vehicle insurance is governed by national and EU law. In respect of the EU requirement that member states establish a guarantee fund from which the victims of negligent uninsured or untraced drivers may obtain compensation, the United Kingdom entered into a series of agreements with the Motor Insurers’ Bureau (MIB). In 2015, the MIB established the Uninsured Drivers’ Agreement (UDA). This agreement implements (with the Road Traffic Act 1988 and the Untraced Drivers’ Agreement 2003) aspects of the Motor Vehicle Insurance Directives (MVID). The UDA 2015 establishes clauses and procedural arrangements which, we argue, have largely removed legal certainty for policyholders and for the victims of negligent uninsured drivers. As such, the fundamental goals of the MVID and the free movement principles upon which they are based are undermined in the United Kingdom. This article offers a critique of the substantive breaches of the MVID through the UDA 2015’s exclusions and procedural arrangements and identifies the current state of unpredictability and uncertainty when the two sources of law are compared.

中文翻译：

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2015 年无保险司机协议作为合法的权威来源

在英国，机动车辆保险受国家和欧盟法律管辖。针对欧盟要求成员国设立担保基金，使未投保或下落不明司机的疏忽受害者可以获得赔偿，英国与汽车保险局（MIB）签订了一系列协议。2015 年，MIB 建立了无保险司机协议 (UDA)。该协议实施（与 1988 年道路交通法和 2003 年无踪司机协议）机动车辆保险指令 (MVID) 的各个方面。UDA 2015 建立了条款和程序安排，我们认为，这些条款和程序安排在很大程度上消除了保单持有人和疏忽未投保司机的受害者的法律确定性。因此，MVID 的基本目标及其所依据的自由流动原则在英国遭到破坏。本文通过 UDA 2015 的排除和程序安排对 MVID 的实质性违反进行了批评，并确定了比较两种法律来源时的不可预测性和不确定性的当前状态。