“Developed” states tend to reflect their own development experience in their dealings with “less developed” states, encouraging replication of their own solutions and processes. This is “recursive” law and development (LAD). This article examines the role of Singapore in LAD processes in the ASEAN region. It finds that Singapore’s LAD efforts are recursive and focused on rule-of-law and governance training, including especially anti-corruption methods. These are conducted not via a special agency, but via co-operation that is multilevel, multidimensional, and untrumpeted. LAD can learn lessons from this approach.

中文翻译：

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多层次、递推法与发展：新加坡在东盟的法律角色

“发达”国家在与“欠发达”国家打交道时倾向于反映自己的发展经验，鼓励复制自己的解决方案和流程。这是“递归”法律与发展（LAD）。本文探讨了新加坡在东盟地区 LAD 进程中的作用。它发现新加坡的 LAD 努力是递归的，并且侧重于法治和治理培训，尤其是反腐败方法。这些不是通过特殊机构进行的，而是通过多层次、多维度和不被宣传的合作进行的。LAD 可以从这种方法中吸取教训。