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Successive switching among four states in a gain-loss-assisted optical microcavity hosting exceptional points up to order four
Physical Review A ( IF 2.6 ) Pub Date : 2021-02-22 , DOI: 10.1103/physreva.103.023526
Arnab Laha , Dinesh Beniwal , Somnath Ghosh

The implementation of exceptional points (EPs), a special type of topological singularities, has emerged as a new paradigm for engineering the quantum-inspired or wave-based photonic systems. Even though there exists a range of investigations on EPs of order two and three (say, EP2s and EP3s, respectively), the hosting of fourth-order EPs (EP4s) in any real system and the exploration of associated topological features are lacking. Here we have designed a simple Fabry-Pérot type gain-loss-assisted open optical microcavity to host EPs up to order four. The scattering-matrix formalism has been used to analyze the microcavity numerically. With the appropriate modulation of the gain-loss profile in the same cavity geometry, we have encountered multiple different orders of EPs by investigating the simultaneous interactions among four coupled cavity states via level-repulsion phenomena. Besides affirming the second-order and third-order branch-point behaviors of the embedded EP2s and EP3s, the fourth-order branch-point functionality of an EP4 has been manifested by encircling three connecting EP2s simultaneously in the closed gain-loss parameter space. We have established a unique successive state-switching phenomenon among four coupled states by implementing such an EP4-encirclement scheme in the system's parameter space. The proposed scheme indeed offers potential applications in state-switching and control in quantum-inspired integrated photonic circuits, where the presence of an EP4 serves as a new light manipulation tool.

中文翻译:

在增益损耗辅助光学微腔中连续在四个状态之间切换,可容纳多达四个阶的异常点

特殊点(EPs)(一种特殊的拓扑奇点)的实现已成为工程设计量子激发或基于波的光子系统的新范例。即使对二阶和三阶EP(例如分别为EP2和EP3)进行了广泛的研究,但在任何实际系统中都没有托管四阶EP(EP4),也缺乏对相关拓扑特征的探索。在这里,我们设计了一个简单的Fabry-Pérot型增益损耗辅助开放式光学微腔,可容纳多达4个EP。散射矩阵形式已被用于数值分析微腔。在相同的腔体几何结构中,通过适当调整增益损耗曲线,通过研究通过水平排斥现象的四个耦合腔态之间的同时相互作用,我们遇到了多个不同阶的EP。除了确认嵌入式EP2和EP3的二阶和三阶分支点行为外,EP4的四阶分支点功能还通过在封闭的增益损耗参数空间中同时环绕三个连接的EP2来体现。通过在系统的参数空间中实现这样的EP4包围方案,我们已经在四个耦合状态之间建立了独特的连续状态切换现象。所提出的方案确实在量子启发的集成光子电路中的状态切换和控制中提供了潜在的应用,其中EP4的存在可作为一种新的光操纵工具。除了确认嵌入式EP2和EP3的二阶和三阶分支点行为外,EP4的四阶分支点功能还通过在封闭的增益损耗参数空间中同时环绕三个连接的EP2来体现。通过在系统的参数空间中实现这样的EP4包围方案,我们已经在四个耦合状态之间建立了独特的连续状态切换现象。所提出的方案确实在量子启发的集成光子电路中的状态切换和控制中提供了潜在的应用,其中EP4的存在可作为一种新的光操纵工具。除了确认嵌入式EP2和EP3的二阶和三阶分支点行为外,EP4的四阶分支点功能还通过在封闭的增益损耗参数空间中同时环绕三个连接的EP2来体现。通过在系统的参数空间中实现这样的EP4包围方案,我们已经在四个耦合状态之间建立了独特的连续状态切换现象。所提出的方案确实在量子启发的集成光子电路中的状态切换和控制中提供了潜在的应用,其中EP4的存在可作为一种新的光操纵工具。EP4的四阶分支点功能已通过在封闭的增益损耗参数空间中同时环绕三个连接的EP2来体现。通过在系统的参数空间中实现这样的EP4包围方案,我们已经在四个耦合状态之间建立了独特的连续状态切换现象。所提出的方案确实在量子启发的集成光子电路中的状态切换和控制中提供了潜在的应用,其中EP4的存在可作为一种新的光操纵工具。EP4的四阶分支点功能已通过在封闭的增益损耗参数空间中同时环绕三个连接的EP2来体现。通过在系统的参数空间中实现这样的EP4包围方案,我们已经在四个耦合状态之间建立了独特的连续状态切换现象。所提出的方案确实在量子启发的集成光子电路中的状态切换和控制中提供了潜在的应用,其中EP4的存在可作为一种新的光操纵工具。
更新日期:2021-02-22
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