The advent of the quantum gas microscope allowed for the in situ probing of ultracold gaseous matter on an unprecedented level of spatial resolution. However, the study of phenomena on ever smaller length scales, as well as the probing of three-dimensional systems, is fundamentally limited by the wavelength of the imaging light for all techniques based on linear optics. Here, we report on a high-resolution ion microscope as a versatile and powerful experimental tool to investigate quantum gases. The instrument clearly resolves atoms in an optical lattice with a spacing of 532 nm over a field of view of 50 sites and offers an extremely large depth of field on the order of at least $70\mu \mathrm{m}$. With a simple model, we extract an upper limit for the achievable resolution of approximately 200 nm from our data. We demonstrate a pulsed operation mode enabling 3D imaging and allowing for the study of ionic impurities and Rydberg physics.

中文翻译：

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脉冲离子显微镜探测量子气体

量子气体显微镜的出现允许以前所未有的空间分辨率原位探测超冷气态物质。然而，对于基于线性光学的所有技术，从更短的长度尺度上对现象的研究以及对三维系统的探测基本上受到成像光波长的限制。在这里，我们将高分辨率离子显微镜报告为研究量子气体的一种多功能且功能强大的实验工具。该仪器在50个视点的视场中清楚地分辨出间距为532 nm的光学晶格中的原子，并提供了至少约在数量级上的超大景深$70\mu \mathrm{米}$。通过一个简单的模型，我们从我们的数据中提取了可达到的约200 nm分辨率的上限。我们演示了一种脉冲操作模式，该模式可以进行3D成像，并可以研究离子杂质和里德伯格物理学。