Previous research on sex ratio at birth (SRB) in India has largely relied on macro‐analysis of census data that do not contain the breadth of factors needed to explain patterns in SRB. Additionally, no previous research has examined the differentiation of factors associated with SRB across birth orders, a key determinant in societies affected by son preference. This study aims to fill these gaps using micro‐data related to 553,461 births occurring between 2005 and 2016 collected as part of the 2015–2016 National Family Health Survey. Analyses used multivariable logistic regressions stratified by birth order to examine associations with SRB at the national level. The SRB at birth order 1 was outside the biological normal limit, and generally increased with birth order. First births in households with wealth in the middle and richest quintiles, with mothers who desired a higher ideal number of sons than daughters, and in lower fertility communities had a higher probability of being male. Most SRB correlates were visible at birth orders 3 or higher. Programs and policies designed to address India's male‐skewed SRB must consider the diverse factors that influence SRB, particularly for higher order births.

中文翻译：

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影响印度出生性别比的因素：基于 2005 年至 2016 年出生的新分析

以前关于印度出生性别比 (SRB) 的研究主要依赖于对人口普查数据的宏观分析，这些数据不包含解释 SRB 模式所需的广泛因素。此外，以前没有研究检查过不同出生顺序与 SRB 相关的因素的差异，这是受儿子偏好影响的社会的一个关键决定因素。本研究旨在利用作为 2015-2016 年全国家庭健康调查的一部分收集的与 2005 年至 2016 年间发生的 553,461 名新生儿相关的微观数据来填补这些空白。分析使用按出生顺序分层的多变量逻辑回归来检查与国家一级 SRB 的关联。出生顺序 1 的 SRB 超出生物学正常限度，并且通常随着出生顺序而增加。中产阶级和最富有的五分之一家庭中的第一胎，母亲希望儿子比女儿多，而在生育率较低的社区，成为男性的可能性更高。大多数 SRB 相关性在出生顺序 3 或更高时可见。旨在解决印度男性偏大的 SRB 的计划和政策必须考虑影响 SRB 的各种因素，特别是对于高阶分娩。