Preliminary studies demonstrate the availability of significant renewable energy potential in Spanish waters. Its use could contribute to achieving the recently updated national objectives for the generation of clean energy in the future National Energy and Climate Plan 2021–2030. Despite the different initiatives that were unsuccessfully proposed at the end of the 2000s, the current implementation of blue energy is practically zero in Spain due to the characteristics of the marine space, which limits the technical and economic viability of the projects. There are other factors, such as a complex regulatory framework, inadequate administrative processes, limited availability of information as well as social rejection of this type of facility. Like other Member States of the European Union, Spain is currently developing a process of maritime spatial planning (MSP) that should be concluded, according to RD 363/2017, with the approval of a maritime spatial plan (POEM) for each of the five existing marine demarcations. This planning will have consequences for the uses and activities of the marine environment, including marine renewable energies. It also provides an opportunity to address existing non-technical barriers and promote the deployment of blue energy facilities. This investigation studies the MSP landscape in Spain from a holistic perspective and analyzes the repercussions of future POEMs in the offshore wind sector and other marine renewable energies. It concludes by proposing a set of recommendations, based on previous experiences in other regions, aimed at facilitating the integration of clean energy policies in the future uses of this marine space.

初步研究表明，西班牙水域具有巨大的可再生能源潜力。它的使用可能有助于实现未来的2021-2030年国家能源与气候计划中更新的国家清洁能源生产目标。尽管在2000年代末未提出不同的建议，但由于海洋空间的特征，目前西班牙在蓝色能源方面的实施几乎为零，这限制了项目的技术和经济可行性。还有其他因素，例如复杂的监管框架，不适当的管理流程，信息可用性有限以及社会对此类设施的拒绝。像欧洲联盟其他成员国一样，西班牙目前正在制定海洋空间规划（MSP）流程，根据RD 363/2017，该过程应得到批准，并针对五个现有海洋划界中的每一个海洋空间规划（POEM）均予以批准。该计划将对包括海洋可再生能源在内的海洋环境的使用和活动产生影响。它还为解决现有的非技术性障碍和促进部署蓝色能源设施提供了机会。这项调查从整体角度研究了西班牙的MSP格局，并分析了未来POEM在海上风电和其他海洋可再生能源中的影响。最后，根据其他地区的以往经验，提出了一系列建议，