One of the problems perceived to be at the heart of the global financial crisis was an amalgamation of various commercial and investment banking activities under one entity, as well as the interconnectedness of the banking entities with other financial institutions, investment funds, and the shadow banking system. This paper focuses on various measures that aim to structurally separate the banking entities and their core functions from riskier financial activities such as (proprietary) trading or investments in alternative investment funds. Although banking structural reforms in the EU, the UK, and the US have taken different forms, their common denominator is the separation of core banking functions from certain trading or securities market activities. Having reviewed the arguments for and against banking structural reforms and their varieties in major jurisdictions, including the EU, UK, US, France, and Germany, the paper argues that a more nuanced approach to introducing such measures at the EU level is warranted. Given the different market structures across the Atlantic and the lack of conclusive evidence of the beneficial impact of banking structural reforms, the paper concludes that the withdrawal of the banking structural reforms proposal by the European Commission has been a prudent move. It seems that in the absence of concrete evidence, experimenting with structural reforms at the Member-State level would be less costly and would provide for opportunities for learning from smaller experiments that could pave the way for a more optimal approach to banking structural reforms at the European level in the future.

被认为是全球金融危机核心的问题之一是一个实体下的各种商业和投资银行业务的合并，以及银行实体与其他金融机构，投资基金和影子银行的相互联系系统。本文重点介绍旨在将银行实体及其核心功能与风险较高的金融活动（如（专有）交易或对另类投资基金的投资）进行结构区分的各种措施。尽管欧盟，英国和美国的银行业结构改革采取了不同的形式，但它们的共同点是将核心银行业务职能与某些交易或证券市场活动分开。回顾了包括欧盟，英国，美国，法国和德国在内的主要司法管辖区的银行业结构改革及其变体的论点，该论文认为，在欧盟一级采用更为细微的方法是必要的。鉴于大西洋两岸的市场结构各不相同，以及缺乏对银行业结构改革的有益影响的确凿证据，该论文得出的结论是，欧洲委员会撤回银行业结构改革的提议是一个谨慎的举动。似乎在没有具体证据的情况下，