This article explores the tools and strategic options for policymaking of two European intergovernmental organisations in the area of citizenship education. The first section analyses the policy tools used to date, whereas the second section presents current global, political and education-specific challenges in the field. The third section investigates options for how the two organisations might develop their policymaking in future years with a view to formulating recommendations to enable these organisations to make the best use of the policy tools and resources at their disposal. Overall, the article suggests that both the Council of Europe and the European Union are facing significant legal and resource restraints – to a greater extent where the Council of Europe is concerned and to a somewhat lesser extent for the European Union – that limit their capacity to shape and enforce citizenship education policymaking at national levels. Both institutions therefore rely heavily on informational and, to some extent, financial and organisational tools to influence policymaking. Finally, the paper presents a set of clear and actionable goals for improving the power and impact of the informational and organizational policy tools at the disposal of both institutions.

本文探讨了两个欧洲政府间组织在公民教育领域制定政策的工具和战略选择。第一部分分析了迄今为止使用的政策工具，而第二部分介绍了该领域当前的全球，政治和教育特定挑战。第三部分探讨了这两个组织在未来几年中如何发展其政策制定的方案，以期提出建议，使这两个组织能够充分利用其可利用的政策工具和资源。全面的，该文章认为，欧洲委员会和欧洲联盟都面临着重大的法律和资源限制，这在很大程度上涉及欧洲委员会，而对于欧洲联盟而言则相对较小，这限制了它们的塑造和发展能力。在国家一级执行公民教育政策制定。因此，这两个机构都严重依赖信息手段，并且在一定程度上依赖财务和组织工具来影响决策。最后，本文提出了一组明确且可操作的目标，以提高两个机构均可使用的信息和组织政策工具的功能和影响。影响决策的财务和组织工具。最后，本文提出了一组明确和可操作的目标，以提高两个机构均可使用的信息和组织政策工具的功能和影响。影响决策的财务和组织工具。最后，本文提出了一组明确且可操作的目标，以提高两个机构均可使用的信息和组织政策工具的功能和影响。