Abstract

In July 1939, at the dawn of the Second World War, Polish cryptologists revealed their mastery of the Enigma encryption machine to their French and British counterparts. The Enigma machine was the main encryption method used by the German armed forces at the time. An alliance was born: XYZ (the letters are codes identifying each of the allies: X represents the French, Y represents the English, and Z represents the Polish). The Poles transmitted their methods to their allies, starting with the sheets invented by Zygalski. These sheets were made by the English, who then sent copies to the French and the Polish. These joined the French after the Polish defeat. With these sheets, from January 1940 onward, the allies were able to read the messages of the enemy. Unfortunately, in May 1940, the Germans changed their system, and the Zygalski sheets became obsolete. Only the English managed to continue breaking the Enigma keys via manual methods. In all, thousands of messages were read. In June, France capitulated, and consequently, the triple alliance ended. This story has been told before, but recently declassified French archives have allowed us to clarify several points, particularly the central place of the Cyclometer.

摘要

1939年7月，第二次世界大战爆发时，波兰密码学家向法国和英国同行透露了他们对Enigma加密机器的掌握情况。Enigma机器是当时德国武装部队使用的主要加密方法。联盟诞生了：XYZ（字母是标识每个盟友的代码：X代表法国，Y代表英国，Z代表波兰人）。波兰人从齐格尔斯基（Zygalski）发明的床单开始，将他们的方法传给了盟友。这些床单是由英国人制作的，然后他们将副本发送给了法国人和波兰人。波兰战败后，这些人加入了法国。从1940年1月起，有了这些表格，盟友就能够阅读敌人的信息。不幸的是，在1940年5月，德国人改变了他们的制度，Zygalski床单变得过时了。只有英语设法通过手动方法继续破坏Enigma键。总共读取了数千条消息。法国在6月投降，因此三国联盟结束。这个故事以前已经讲过，但是最近解密后的法国档案库使我们可以澄清几个要点，尤其是自行车里程表的中心位置。