Recent Advances on Nanomaterials to COVID‐19 Management: A Systematic Review on Antiviral/Virucidal Agents and Mechanisms of SARS‐CoV‐2 Inhibition/Inactivation,Global Challenges

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Recent Advances on Nanomaterials to COVID‐19 Management: A Systematic Review on Antiviral/Virucidal Agents and Mechanisms of SARS‐CoV‐2 Inhibition/Inactivation
Global Challenges ( IF 4.4 ) Pub Date : 2021-02-22 , DOI: 10.1002/gch2.202000115
Anna Paula A Carvalho _{1,

2,

3,

4,

5} , Carlos A Conte-Junior _{1,

2,

3,

4,

5,

6,

7}

Affiliation

The current pandemic of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID‐19) is recognized as a public health emergency of worldwide concern. Nanomaterials can be effectively used to detect, capture/inactivate or inhibit coronavirus cell entry/replication in the human host cell, preventing infection. Their potential for nanovaccines, immunoengineering, diagnosis, repurposing medication, and disinfectant surfaces targeting the novel coronavirus (SARS‐CoV‐2) is highlighted. In this systematic review the aim is to present an unbiased view of which and how nanomaterials can reduce the spread of COVID‐19. Herein, the focus is on SARS‐CoV‐2, analyzing 46 articles retrieved before December 31, 2020. The interface between nanomaterials is described, and the main mechanisms to inhibit SARS‐CoV‐2 pathogenesis and viral inactivation are also discussed. Nanocarbons, biopolymeric, copper, and silver nanoparticles are potential antiviral and virucidal agents toward self‐cleaning and reusable filter media and surfaces (e.g., facial masks), drug administration, vaccines, and immunodiagnostic assays. Trends in toxicology research and safety tests can help fill the main gaps in the literature and overcome health surveillance's challenges. Phytochemicals delivery by nanocarriers also stand out as candidates to target and bio‐friendly therapy. Nanocellulose might fill in the gaps. Future research using nanomaterials targeting novel therapies/prophylaxis measures to COVID‐19 and future outbreaks is discussed.

中文翻译：

纳米材料在 COVID-19 管理中的最新进展：抗病毒/杀病毒剂和 SARS-CoV-2 抑制/灭活机制的系统评价

当前的 2019 年冠状病毒病（COVID-19）大流行被认为是全球关注的突发公共卫生事件。纳米材料可有效用于检测、捕获/灭活或抑制冠状病毒在人类宿主细胞中进入/复制，从而预防感染。它们在纳米疫苗、免疫工程、诊断、重新利用药物和针对新型冠状病毒 (SARS-CoV-2) 的消毒剂表面方面的潜力得到了凸显。本系统综述的目的是对纳米材料可以减少 COVID-19 的传播以及如何减少其传播提出公正的看法。本文重点关注 SARS-CoV-2，分析了 2020 年 12 月 31 日之前检索到的 46 篇文章。描述了纳米材料之间的界面，并讨论了抑制 SARS-CoV-2 发病和病毒灭活的主要机制。纳米碳、生物聚合物、铜和银纳米颗粒是潜在的抗病毒和杀病毒剂，可用于自清洁和可重复使用的过滤介质和表面（例如面膜）、药物管理、疫苗和免疫诊断分析。毒理学研究和安全测试的趋势可以帮助填补文献中的主要空白并克服健康监测的挑战。纳米载体输送的植物化学物质也成为靶向和生物友好疗法的候选者。纳米纤维素可能会填补这一空白。讨论了使用纳米材料针对 COVID-19 和未来爆发的新疗法/预防措施的未来研究。

更新日期：2021-02-22

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