The performance degradation of electrochemical energy storage devices such as batteries is one of the largest challenges hindering their many practical applications. Developing novel electrode and electrolyte materials with self-healing abilities to repair internal or external damages is an important and effective approach for mitigating the degradation of lithium-based batteries. Based on the most recent literature, this paper comprehensively reviews various categories of self-healing materials in terms of their synthesis, characterization, performance validation/optimization as well as functional mechanisms. To facilitate further research and development, several technical challenges hindering the practical applications of self-healing electrode and electrolyte materials are analyzed and the possible research directions for overcoming the challenges are also proposed in this paper.

诸如电池之类的电化学能量存储设备的性能下降是阻碍其许多实际应用的最大挑战之一。开发具有自我修复能力的新型电极和电解质材料以修复内部或外部损坏是减轻锂基电池退化的重要而有效的方法。根据最新文献，本文从合成，表征，性能验证/优化以及功能机理的角度对各种类型的自愈材料进行了全面的综述。为了促进进一步的研究和开发，