Context:

An evidence-based scientific discipline should produce, consume and disseminate credible evidence. Unfortunately, mistakes are sometimes made, resulting in the production, consumption and dissemination of invalid or otherwise questionable evidence. In the worst cases, such questionable evidence achieves the status of accepted knowledge. There is, therefore, the need to ensure that producers and consumers seek to identify and rectify such situations.

Objectives:

To raise awareness of the negative impact of misinterpreting evidence and of propagating that misinterpreted evidence, and to provide guidance on how to improve on the type of issues identified.

Methods:

We use a case-based approach to present and analyse the production, consumption and dissemination of evidence. The cases are based on the literature and our professional experience. These cases illustrate a range of challenges confronting evidence-based researchers as well as the consequences to research when invalid evidence is not corrected in a timely way.

Results:

We use the cases and the challenges to formulate a framework and a set of recommendations to help the community in producing and consuming credible evidence.

Conclusions:

We encourage the community to collectively remain alert to the emergence and dissemination of invalid, or otherwise questionable, evidence, and to proactively seek to identify and rectify it.

中文翻译：

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在软件工程中发布和使用可靠证据的挑战和建议

语境：

循证科学学科应产生，使用和传播可靠的证据。不幸的是，有时会犯错误，导致产生，消耗和传播无效或其他可疑证据。在最坏的情况下，这种可疑的证据会达到公认知识的地位。因此，有必要确保生产者和消费者寻求查明和纠正这种情况。

目标：

提高人们对错误解释证据和传播错误解释证据的负面影响的认识，并就如何改进已查明问题的类型提供指导。

方法：

我们使用基于案例的方法来呈现和分析证据的产生，消耗和传播。这些案例基于文献和我们的专业经验。这些案例说明了基于证据的研究人员面临的一系列挑战，以及未及时纠正无效证据时对研究的后果。

结果：

我们利用案例和挑战来制定框架和建议，以帮助社区产生和使用可靠的证据。

结论：

我们鼓励社区集体对出现和传播无效的或可疑的证据保持警觉，并积极寻求识别和纠正它。