One strategy for restoring degraded soils by opencast mining in semiarid regions is the application of organic amendments. However, selecting an appropriate organic amendment that improves soil quality and functionality for recovery in the short-term without a high contribution to increased CO₂ emissions is important for improving restoration strategies. Therefore, the objective of this work was to study the short and medium-term changes in physico-chemical and biological properties in restored soils with organic amendments from a limestone quarry (SE, Spain). Several restoration treatments were applied consisting stabilized sewage sludge, vegetable compost garden waste, vegetable compost from greenhouse crop residues and two mixtures thereof, then native plants were planted. After six months several soil properties were evaluated (electrical conductivity (EC), pH, total organic carbon (TOC), total nitrogen (TN), assimilable phosphorus (AP), soil water retention, carbohydrates and polyphenols content, enzymatic activities, bacteria and fungi fatty acids and soil respiration). Some physico-chemical soil properties and the survival rates and biovolume of the introduced native plants, as well as the percentage of land cover occupied by wild plants, were also analyzed 2 years after the application of the amendments. Organic amendments improved significantly all soil properties compared with unamended soils. Labile organic matter forms (carbohydrates and polyphenols) showed significant positive correlations with parameters related to microbial activity. Restored soils with sewage sludge had the highest significant labile C values, following by its mixtures. All organic amendments increased in situ CO₂ release, a positive priming effect and organic matter mineralization, being these properties higher in sludge-treated soils than in the rest restored and non-amendment soils. The content of TOC and TN and water retention remained similar two after the application of the amendments, but the EC decreased in restored soils. Nevertheless, despite PCA analysis clearly demonstrated that all restoration treatments had an important effect on the functionality and soil quality, vegetable compost from garden waste or from horticultural greenhouse crop waste amendments were the best restoration treatments for short and medium-term restoration of degraded quarry soils in harsh environmental and climate conditions because they also presented lower CO₂ emission rates to the atmosphere and the highest survival and growth rates of the introduced plants and wild cover in the experimental plots.

在半干旱地区通过露天开采恢复退化土壤的一种策略是应用有机改良剂。但是，选择合适的有机改良剂以改善土壤质量和功能，以便在短期内恢复土壤，而又不会对增加CO 2的排放产生重大影响，这对于改善恢复策略很重要。因此，这项工作的目的是研究使用石灰石采石场（西班牙，西班牙）进行有机改良后的恢复土壤的理化和生物学特性的短期和中期变化。进行了几种修复处理，包括稳定的污水污泥，蔬菜堆肥花园废物，来自温室作物残留物的蔬菜堆肥及其两种混合物，然后种植本地植物。六个月后，评估了几种土壤特性（电导率（EC），pH，总有机碳（TOC），总氮（TN），同化磷（AP），土壤保水率，碳水化合物和多酚含量，酶活性，细菌和真菌脂肪酸和土壤呼吸）。实施修正案两年后，还分析了引入的本地植物的一些理化土壤特性，存活率和生物量以及野生植物所占土地覆盖的百分比。与未改良的土壤相比，有机改良剂显着改善了所有土壤的特性。不稳定的有机物形式（碳水化合物和多酚）与与微生物活性有关的参数呈显着正相关。含污水污泥的恢复土壤具有最高的显着不稳定C值，其次是其混合物。所有自然修正案均增加原位释放CO 2具有积极的启动作用和有机物矿化作用，在污泥处理过的土壤中，这些特性要比其余恢复的土壤和未经改良的土壤更高。应用该修正案后，TOC和TN的含量以及保水率保持相似，但恢复土壤中的EC降低。尽管如此，尽管PCA分析清楚地表明，所有恢复处理均对功能和土壤质量产生重要影响，但花园废弃物或园艺温室作物废弃物改良剂产生的蔬菜堆肥是退化石矿场土壤短期和中期恢复的最佳恢复方法。在恶劣的环境和气候条件下，因为它们还降低了CO ₂含量 排放到大气中的速率以及在实验区中引入的植物和野生被覆的最高存活率和生长率。