Because of the rapid development of precision medicine, single-cell analysis has attracted increasing research attention, especially for erythrocyte, whose potential role in the formation of vascular plaque (atherosclerosis) has emphasized the importance of flow characteristics of single erythrocytes in bionic microfluidics. Based on the high incidence of vascular plaques among the elderly and those who have received blood transfusions, we hypothesized that cell membrane hardening changes the fluid adaptability of individual erythrocytes. This hypothesis was verified using an in vitro microfluidic technique based on an analysis of the flow morphology and cell trajectory of individual cells. A symmetrical microchannel was fabricated with a central stenosis to simulate a blood vessel containing plaque. During flowing through this microchannel, normal erythrocyte predominantly exhibited deforming, rotating, and lifting morphologies, resulting in discontinuous contact with the channel wall and a narrower distribution. Conversely, hardened erythrocytes exhibited rolling, swinging, and tumbling morphologies, resulting in stable and continuous contact with the channel wall and a wider distribution. These results indicate that cell membrane hardening decrease cell fluid adaptability on a microscopic scale. This research can offer some new insights into vascular plaques research from a bio-tribological and mechanical perspectives.

由于精密医学的飞速发展，单细胞分析引起了越来越多的研究关注，特别是对于红细胞，其在血管斑块形成（动脉粥样硬化）中的潜在作用强调了单红细胞的流动特性在仿生微流体中的重要性。基于老年人和接受输血者中血管斑块的高发生率，我们推测细胞膜硬化会改变单个红细胞的液体适应性。使用体外微流体技术，基于对单个细胞的流动形态和细胞轨迹的分析，验证了这一假设。制作具有中央狭窄的对称微通道，以模拟包含斑块的血管。在流经此微通道的过程中，正常的红细胞主要表现出变形，旋转和提升形态，从而导致与通道壁的不连续接触和较窄的分布。相反，硬化的红细胞表现出滚动，摇摆和翻滚的形态，从而导致与通道壁的稳定连续接触以及更广泛的分布。这些结果表明细胞膜硬化在微观上降低了细胞液的适应性。这项研究可以从生物摩擦学和力学的角度为血管斑块研究提供一些新见解。导致与通道壁稳定连续接触，分布范围更广。这些结果表明细胞膜硬化在微观上降低了细胞液的适应性。这项研究可以从生物摩擦学和力学的角度为血管斑研究提供一些新见解。导致与通道壁稳定连续接触，分布范围更广。这些结果表明细胞膜硬化在微观上降低了细胞液的适应性。这项研究可以从生物摩擦学和力学的角度为血管斑研究提供一些新见解。