The legal status of the Gaza Strip following the 2005 Israeli ‘Disengagement’, as well as the applicability of the laws of belligerent occupation with regard to this territory, have sparked, and continue to generate, a lively academic debate, involving states, organisations and legal scholars. Nevertheless, this debate has seldom included an examination of the de facto policy exercised by Israel vis-à-vis Gaza residents themselves.This article seeks to fill the gap by providing a thorough examination of Israel's legal position towards the residents of Gaza, and a critical analysis of its policy and practice with regard to their movement as well as the movement of goods. This review, based on dozens of policy papers, regulations and procedures, as well as numerous judgments handed down by Israeli courts, reveals that Israel maintains a deliberately deficient and ambiguous legal position with regard to the status of Gaza residents. Under this position, the residents are merely ‘foreign residents’ who have no particular rights in relation to Israel. I argue that this position establishes a major legal vacuum in the protection afforded to Gaza residents and is therefore incompatible with both the reality of Israel's continuous control over Gaza as well as the objects and norms of international humanitarian law.

中文翻译：

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生活在法律真空中：以色列对加沙居民的法律立场和政策案例

2005 年以色列“脱离接触”后加沙地带的法律地位，以及交战占领法对该领土的适用性已经引发并继续引发一场激烈的学术辩论，涉及国家、组织和法律学者。然而，这场辩论很少包括审查以色列对加沙居民自己采取的事实上的政策。本文旨在通过彻底审查以色列对加沙居民的法律立场，以及对其流动和货物流动的政策和实践进行批判性分析。本次审查基于数十份政策文件、法规和程序，以及以色列法院作出的众多判决，揭示了以色列在加沙居民的地位方面故意保持着一种有缺陷和模棱两可的法律立场。在这种立场下，居民只是对以色列没有特殊权利的“外国居民”。我认为，这一立场在为加沙居民提供保护方面建立了一个重大的法律真空，因此与以色列持续控制加沙的现实以及国际人道法的目标和规范不相容。