The use of proportionality and balancing by the European Court of Human Rights (ECtHR) is inconsistent and does not provide clear guidelines from which policies can be drafted that could strike a fair balance between individual rights and public interests while not impairing the essence of the rights at stake. While ad hoc and unprincipled balancing may be justified on the theoretical level, on the practical level a policymaker seeking to understand which infringements constitute clear violations of the European Convention on Human Rights (ECHR) is left confused. This article adds clarity to this state of bewilderment by breaking down several aspects of the ECHR rights to a fair trial into clear-cut ‘red lines’, or minimum thresholds of protection. Overstepping those could result in a violation of the right concerned. Identifying these red lines is intended to assist legislators and policymakers in drafting laws and policies that conform with the obligations of their states under the ECHR, and to instruct policymakers outside the member states of the Council of Europe. Because of its unique characteristics, as well as the volume and breadth of its case law, the jurisprudence of the ECtHR can be a lodestone for the consolidation of an international human rights community based on shared values. The unique contribution of this article is the assessment of ECtHR jurisprudence not only on its own merits, but also in comparison with the jurisprudence of other international courts.

中文翻译：

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在欧洲人权法院关于公平审判权的判例中寻找“红线”

欧洲人权法院 (ECtHR) 对相称性和平衡的使用不一致，并且没有提供明确的指导方针，可以从中起草政策，在个人权利和公共利益之间取得公平平衡，同时不损害权利的本质危在旦夕。虽然在理论上可以证明临时和无原则的平衡是合理的，但在实践层面上，寻求了解哪些侵权行为明显违反欧洲人权公约 (ECHR) 的政策制定者却感到困惑。本文通过将《欧洲人权公约》公平审判权利的几个方面分解为明确的“红线”或最低保护门槛，从而为这种困惑状态增加了清晰度。超过这些可能会导致对相关权利的侵犯。确定这些红线旨在帮助立法者和政策制定者起草符合其国家在《欧洲人权公约》下的义务的法律和政策，并指导欧洲委员会成员国以外的政策制定者。由于其独特的特点，以及其判例法的数量和广度，欧洲人权法院的判例可以成为巩固基于共同价值观的国际人权社区的一块磁石。本文的独特贡献在于，不仅根据其本身的优点，而且与其他国际法院的判例进行比较，对 ECtHR 判例进行评估。并指导欧洲委员会成员国以外的政策制定者。由于其独特的特点，以及其判例法的数量和广度，欧洲人权法院的判例可以成为巩固基于共同价值观的国际人权社区的一块磁石。本文的独特贡献在于，不仅根据其本身的优点，而且与其他国际法院的判例进行比较，对 ECtHR 判例进行评估。并指导欧洲委员会成员国以外的政策制定者。由于其独特的特点，以及其判例法的数量和广度，欧洲人权法院的判例可以成为巩固基于共同价值观的国际人权社区的一块磁石。本文的独特贡献在于，不仅根据其本身的优点，而且与其他国际法院的判例进行比较，对 ECtHR 判例进行评估。