Ever since Evo Morales Ayma became Bolivia's first indigenous president in 2006 and the promulgation of a human-rights-enhancing Constitution (2009) thereafter, indigenous peoples’ rights were gradually recognised. Yet, with the increasing demand for natural resources, indigenous communities have been adversely affected by the state's neo-extractivist policies. While global indigenous rights norms protect their fundamental rights, legal-implementation processes in the country's lowlands reveal dilemmas in terms of the value of laws in practice as well as its reinterpretation on the ground. Namely, in the communities, different positions and camps have emerged in terms of the role and functions of participatory rights. Despite the potential of the latter in strengthening collective-rights regimes and self-determination, community leaders, advisers and other members report how such processes fracture and weaken decision-making mechanisms and human rights claims.

中文翻译：

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玻利维亚的新采掘主义争议：全球规范的本土观点

自从埃沃·莫拉莱斯·艾玛（Evo Morales Ayma）于 2006 年成为玻利维亚首位土著总统以及此后颁布的促进人权的宪法（2009 年）以来，土著人民的权利逐渐得到承认。然而，随着对自然资源的需求不断增加，土著社区受到国家新采掘主义政策的不利影响。虽然全球土著权利规范保护他们的基本权利，但该国低地的法律实施过程揭示了法律在实践中的价值及其在实地重新解释方面的困境。即在社区中，在参与权的作用和功能上出现了不同的立场和阵营。尽管后者在加强集体权利制度和自决方面具有潜力，