Socio-emotional competence and executive function both work together to meet the demands of the everyday environment. While many studies have focused on how various domains of socio-emotional competence are predicted by, or associated with executive function, the predictive influence of socio-emotional competence on executive function has largely been ignored despite strong theoretical links. In addition, contradictory information exists with regard to the divergent validity of two subtypes of executive function: cool and hot. Using data from 4839 children participating in three data collection waves (9 months, 2 years and 4.5 year) in the Growing Up in New Zealand longitudinal study, we examined how different patterns of socio-emotional competence development during the early preschool years (persistent lows, recent low, improved and no lows) related to cool and hot executive function measured at aged 4.5 using a hand clap task and a gift wrap task, respectively. Findings showed that children with persistent lows (with no improvement) in the levels of early socio-emotional competence had increased odds of having below average cool and hot executive function at 4.5 years. However, no difference was found in the influence of socio-emotional competence on cool and hot executive function. Possible explanations for these associations between socio-emotional competence and executive function are discussed.

社会情感能力和执行功能共同满足日常环境的需求。虽然许多研究都集中在社会情感能力的各个领域如何被执行功能预测或与执行功能相关联，但尽管有很强的理论联系，但社会情感能力对执行功能的预测影响在很大程度上被忽略了。此外，关于执行功能的两种亚型的不同有效性存在矛盾的信息：冷和热。使用来自新西兰成长纵向研究中参与三个数据收集波（9 个月、2 岁和 4.5 岁）的 4839 名儿童的数据，我们研究了学龄前早期社会情感能力发展的不同模式（持续低, 近期低点, 4.5 岁时分别使用拍手任务和礼品包装任务测量的与冷热执行功能相关的改善且无低点。研究结果表明，早期社会情绪能力水平持续低迷（没有改善）的儿童在 4.5 岁时具有低于平均水平的冷热执行功能的几率增加。然而，社会情感能力对冷热执行功能的影响没有发现差异。讨论了对社会情感能力和执行功能之间这些关联的可能解释。研究结果表明，早期社会情绪能力水平持续低迷（没有改善）的儿童在 4.5 岁时具有低于平均水平的冷热执行功能的几率增加。然而，社会情感能力对冷热执行功能的影响没有发现差异。讨论了对社会情感能力和执行功能之间这些关联的可能解释。研究结果表明，早期社会情绪能力水平持续低迷（没有改善）的儿童在 4.5 岁时具有低于平均水平的冷热执行功能的几率增加。然而，社会情感能力对冷热执行功能的影响没有发现差异。讨论了对社会情感能力和执行功能之间这些关联的可能解释。