ABSTRACT

Lime and gypsum application is one strategy for correcting soil acidity and improving soil fertility. However, soil compaction in no-till systems can influence these dynamics. This study aimed to assess the effect of lime and gypsum application under different soil compaction levels on soybean yield and soil chemical attributes. The application of lime and gypsum under artificial compaction levels and the movement of exchangeable calcium (Ca²⁺), magnesium (Mg²⁺), potassium (K⁺), and soil pH were monitored in the 0–0.05, 0.05–0.10, 0.10–0.20, and 0.20–0.40 m soil layer depths. Soybean grain yield was not influenced by the gypsum and lime applications and artificial compaction levels. In the 0.05–0.1, 0.1–0.2, and 0.2–0.4 m soil layers, the exclusive surface application of lime was effective in increasing the soil pH. Ca²⁺ and Mg²⁺ carbonates had low solubility and mobility in the soil; however, a rapid reaction to the surface over a relatively short period was observed. K⁺ concentration in the 0–0.05 m soil layer did not vary after the gypsum and lime applications. Therefore, the superficial application of lime is effective in acidity correction in no-till systems when the soil is not compacted.

摘要

石灰和石膏施用是纠正土壤酸度和提高土壤肥力的一种策略。然而，免耕系统中的土壤压实会影响这些动态。本研究旨在评估不同土壤压实水平下石灰和石膏施用对大豆产量和土壤化学属性的影响。石灰和石膏在人工压实水平下的应用以及可交换钙 (Ca ²⁺ )、镁 (Mg ²⁺ )、钾 (K ⁺)，并在 0-0.05、0.05-0.10、0.10-0.20 和 0.20-0.40 m 土层深度监测土壤 pH 值。大豆籽粒产量不受石膏和石灰应用以及人工压实水平的影响。在 0.05-0.1、0.1-0.2 和 0.2-0.4 m 土层中，石灰的单独表面施用可有效提高土壤 pH 值。Ca ²⁺和Mg ²⁺碳酸盐在土壤中的溶解度和流动性较低；然而，在相对较短的时间内观察到对表面的快速反应。施用石膏和石灰后，0-0.05 m 土层中的K ⁺浓度没有变化。因此，当土壤未压实时，表面施用石灰对免耕系统中的酸度校正是有效的。