RI‐OH′ and RI‐OH (ring index of hydroxylated tetraethers) are two novel organic paleothermometers which could either complement or replace more established paleothermometric proxies, such as U^K′₃₇ (C₃₇ ketone unsaturation ratio) and TEX₈₆ (TetraEther indeX of tetraethers consisting of 86 carbon atoms). Despite a few promising attempts, the paleothermometric potential of RI‐OH′ and RI‐OH is not fully constrained. Here we present new high‐resolution temperature records over the 160‐45 ka BP (before present = year 1950 CE) period using four organic proxies (RI‐OH′, RI‐OH, TEX₈₆, and U^K′₃₇) from three deep sea sediment cores located in a north‐south transect along the Iberian Margin. We analyzed all organic proxies from a single set of lipid extracts to optimize proxy‐proxy comparisons and phase relationship studies. RI‐OH′ responds to Dansgaard‐Oeschger and Heinrich events, better resembles U^K′₃₇ than TEX₈₆, and better records the influence of (sub)polar waters during Heinrich events than does RI‐OH. While RI‐OH′ gives realistic sea surface temperatures and latitudinal gradients coherent with those from independent paleothermometers, a more extensive RI‐OH′‐temperature calibration for the North Atlantic is clearly needed. However, the absence of a significant warm bias in RI‐OH′‐based temperatures compared to a shallow sea site suggests that endemic, deep‐dwelling archeal communities affect TEX₈₆ but not RI‐OH′ in the Iberian Margin. TEX₈₆ leads RI‐OH′ and U^K′₃₇ during four Heinrich‐like events, potentially due to background fluxes from deep waters for nonhydroxylated tetraethers summed with primary productivity dependent fluxes from surface waters for all investigated lipid classes. Relationships with Greenland temperatures further support RI‐OH′‐based paleothermometry.

中文翻译：

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新型羟基化四醚指数RI-OH'作为伊比利亚边缘160-45 ka BP时期的海表温度指标

RI-OH“和RI-OH（羟基化的四醚的环索引）是两种新颖的有机电paleothermometers这既可以补充或代替更成熟paleothermometric代理，如U ^ķ ' ₃₇（C ₃₇酮不饱和度比），TEX ₈₆（四醚索引（由86个碳原子组成的四醚）。尽管进行了一些有希望的尝试，但RI-OH'和RI-OH的古热计量潜力并未完全受到限制。在这里，我们本在160-45かBP新的高清晰度温度记录（本之前= 1950年CE）使用四个有机代理（RI-OH'，RI-OH，TEX周期₈₆，和U ^ķ ' ₃₇）来自伊比利亚边缘南北断层的三个深海沉积物核心。我们分析了一组脂质提取物中的所有有机代理，以优化代理-代理比较和相关系研究。RI-OH“响应丹斯加德-Oeschger和Heinrich事件，更类似于ü ^ķ ” ₃₇比TEX ₈₆，并且比RI-OH更好地记录了Heinrich事件期间（亚）极地水的影响。尽管RI-OH'给出了逼真的海面温度和纬度梯度，与独立的古温度计相吻合，但显然需要对北大西洋进行更广泛的RI-OH'-温度校准。但是，与浅海站点相比，基于RI-OH'的温度没有明显的暖偏差，这表明在伊比利亚边缘，地方性的深居古菌群落对TEX ₈₆产生了影响，但对RI-OH'却没有影响。TEX ₈₆引线RI-OH“和U ^ķ ' ₃₇在四个类似Heinrich的事件中，可能是由于深水中非羟基化四醚的背景通量加上所有研究类脂类中地表水的主要生产率相关通量的总和。与格陵兰温度的关系进一步支持基于RI-OH'的古温度计。