Yellow (stripe) rust, caused by Puccinia striiformis f. sp. tritici (Pst), has been consistently severe in the country during recent years. A survey data of the disease at five provinces in Egypt during 2018–2020 resulted in 42 physiologic races and revealed the emergence of six new aggressive races i.e., 151E80, 135E16, 160E173, 224E191, 238E143 and 72E8 that were first detected in Egypt in the current study. The new aggressive race 151E80 was detected in Kafr-Elsheikh in the first growing season (2018/19), while it occurred in Alexandria, Beheira and Kafr-Elsheikh in the second one (2019/20). The new aggressive races; 224E191 and 238E143 (Kafr-Elsheikh), 72E8 (Beheira) occurred during both growing seasons (2018/19 and 2019/20). Common genetic lineages of Pst races corresponding to respective yellow rust resistance genes (Yr^,s) indicated that they belonging to six lineages represented by ten races. Seven of them were new, i.e., races PstS2v3, PstS2v10v24, PstS2v1v10, PstS4 (Triticale2006), PstS6, PstS12 (Hereford), and a new lineage termed as PstS19 (Egy19) first detected in the current study. The most aggressive race (with Yr1, Yr10 and Yr27 virulences) was a new lineage termed as PstS19 (new pathotype Egy19), while a new pathotype designed as PstS2v1v10 came in the second rank. Field response data revealed that among 15 Egyptian wheat cultivars tested to yellow rust, only four cultivars were moderately resistant i.e., Misr-3, Sakha-95, Giza-168 and Giza-171. Gene postulation revealed that these cultivars possessed effective resistance genes; Yr5 (Sakha-95), Yr15, Yr29 (Giza-168 and Giza-171), and Yr17 was present in Misr-3. Combination of durable resistance genes, Yr18 and Yr29 with broad-spectrum resistance genes Yr5 and Yr15 is the best available option to avoid disease epiphytotic on a large scale.

黄锈病，由条锈菌引起。sp。小麦（的Pst），已在全国各地持续严重近年来。在2018-2020年期间，埃及五个省份的疾病调查数据导致了42个生理种族，并揭示了6个新的侵略性种族的出现，即151E80、135E16 ，在当前研究中首次在埃及发现的160E173、224E191、238E143和72E8。在第一个生长季节（2018/19）在Kafr-Elsheikh中检测到了新的激进种族151E80，而在第二个生长季节（2019/20）在Alexandria，Beheira和Kafr-Elsheikh中检测到了新的激进种族。新的侵略性种族；在两个生长季节（2018/19和2019/20）都发生了224E191和238E143（Kafr-Elsheikh），72E8（贝哈拉）。对应于各自的黄锈抗性基因（Yr ^， s）的Pst族的常见遗传谱系表明它们属于以十个族代表的六个谱系。其中七个是新的，即种族PstS2v3，PstS2v10v24，PstS2v1v10，PstS4（Triticale2006），PstS6，PstS12（Hereford），以及在本研究中首次发现的称为PstS19（Egy19）的新谱系。最具攻击性的种族（具有Yr1，Yr10和Yr27毒力）是被称为PstS19（新致病类型Egy19）的新血统，而被设计为PstS2v1v10的新致病类型排在第二位。田间响应数据显示，在测试的15个埃及小麦品种中，它们均具有黄锈病，其中只有四个品种具有中等抗性，即Misr-3，Sakha-95，Giza-168和Giza-171。基因假设表明，这些品种具有有效的抗性基因。Yr5（Sakha-95），Yr15，Yr29（Giza-168和Giza-171）和Yr17存在于Misr-3中。持久抗药性基因Yr18和Yr29与广谱抗药性基因Yr5和Yr15的组合是大规模避免疾病附生的最佳选择。