Introduction

Pedestrian injuries are important public health and traffic safety issues. In recent years, the problem is worsening and no single cause has been identified. To examine this tragic phenomenon, it is necessary to learn more about the behaviors people engage in while walking, where they walk, and how often they walk.

Methods

A naturalistic observational study was conducted using two data collection tools to discern pedestrian road crossing behavior and intersection characteristics surrounding three social drinking venues in Washington, DC. Pedestrian demographic variables and unsafe pedestrian behaviors such as walking against pedestrian crossing signals, walking outside of crosswalk, distraction, and probable impairment were gathered. Descriptive statistics, chi-square analysis, and logistic regression were performed using SAS Statistical Software to identify trends among unsafe behaviors.

Results

There were 1,101 pedestrians observed. The most prevalent risky road crossing behavior was walking against the pedestrian crossing signal (n = 353, 32%), followed by distraction (n = 182, 17%) and walking outside of the crosswalk (n = 160, 15%). There were 574 (52%) pedestrians who exhibited at least one unsafe road crossing behavior. Observation site location was statistically significant with all three road crossing behaviors, while sex was not statistically significant with any of the behaviors. Three of the seven crosswalks observed produced statistically significant results when predicting unsafe road crossing behaviors in logistic regression at the alpha level of 0.05. Direction of pedestrian travel produced statistically significant results in the same logistic regression model (p = .003).

Conclusions

This study reinforces the prevalence of unsafe road crossing behaviors and identifies several opportunities for future research by examining environmental influences of intersection characteristics and investigating types of distraction and alcohol impairment. In addition, new and innovative interventions aimed specifically at pedestrian's behavior when crossing the road using a public health approach may be helpful.

中文翻译：

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社交饮酒事件与行人行为之间的关联-一项观察性研究

介绍

行人受伤是重要的公共卫生和交通安全问题。近年来，这个问题正在恶化，没有发现任何单一原因。要研究这种悲剧性现象，有必要更多地了解人们在行走时所从事的行为，行走的地点以及行走的频率。

方法

使用两个数据收集工具进行了自然观察研究，以识别华盛顿特区三个社交饮酒场所周围的人行横道行为和交叉路口特征。收集了行人的人口统计变量和不安全的行人行为，例如针对行人过路信号行走，走出人行横道，分心和可能的障碍。使用SAS统计软件执行描述性统计，卡方分析和逻辑回归，以识别不安全行为中的趋势。

结果

观察到1,101名行人。最普遍的危险道路交叉口行为是违反人行横道信号行走（n = 353，32％），其次是分心（n = 182，17％）和走出人行横道（n = 160，15％）。有574名（52％）行人表现出至少一种不安全的过路行为。在所有三种过路行为中，观察点的位置均具有统计学意义，而在任何行为中，性别均无统计学意义。当在逻辑回归中以0.05为水平预测不安全的交叉路口行为时，观察到的七个人行横道中的三个产生了统计学上显着的结果。在相同的逻辑回归模型中，行人的行进方向产生了统计上显着的结果（p = .003）。

结论

这项研究加强了不安全道路交叉行为的普遍性，并通过检查交叉路口特征的环境影响以及调查分散注意力和酒精障碍的类型，确定了一些未来研究的机会。此外，专门针对行人在使用公共卫生方法过马路时的行为的创新干预措施可能会有所帮助。