The demand for photovoltaic panels has increased in recent years and the resources used in its production such as silicon, with high production costs and silver that is becoming scarce, in addition to the presence of toxic metals such as lead, highlight the importance of recycling of these materials. One of the main challenges for recycling is the delamination of the panels, for which supercritical fluids can be an effective option. Constituents of a photovoltaic module were analyzed using SEM/EDS, XRD, XRF, TGA, DSC, and FTIR techniques. The efficiency of the delamination process was evaluated using tests carried out at atmospheric pressure, in the presence of different cosolvents. Comparative tests were performed using supercritical CO₂ (ScCO₂). For both processes, after delamination, the components that still showed low release of adhered materials were processed in a planetary ball mill. Determinations were then made of the recovery and purity of the delaminated fractions, as well as the separation of the adhered materials. The best results for recovery and purity of the glass, metallic filaments, and backsheet were obtained using ScCO₂ with toluene, together with planetary ball milling, achieving values over 96 %. For the solar cell and EVA (cell + EVA), the recovery was greater than 85 %, including high value materials such as Si and Ag. In addition to recovering high value metals and reducing the volume of solvent, the use of ScCO₂ enabled delamination of the photovoltaic panel with a time around 3.5 times shorter than at atmospheric pressure.

近年来，对光伏面板的需求增加了，生产中使用的资源（如硅），生产成本高以及白银（除了铅等有毒金属的存在）正变得稀缺，这突出了回收太阳能电池板的重要性。这些材料。回收利用的主要挑战之一是面板的分层，为此，超临界流体可能是有效的选择。使用SEM / EDS，XRD，XRF，TGA，DSC和FTIR技术分析了光伏模块的成分。使用在大气压下，在不同助溶剂存在下进行的测试来评估脱层过程的效率。使用超临界CO ₂（ScCO ₂）。对于这两个过程，在分层之后，仍然显示出粘附材料释放少的组件在行星式球磨机中进行处理。然后确定分层部分的回收率和纯度，以及粘附材料的分离。使用ScCO ₂和甲苯，以及行星式球磨，可获得最佳的玻璃，金属丝和底片回收率和纯度结果，其值超过96％。对于太阳能电池和EVA（电池+ EVA），其回收率大于85％，包括高价值的材料，例如Si和Ag。除了回收高价值金属并减少溶剂量外，还需使用ScCO ₂ 能够使光伏面板分层，时间比在大气压下短约3.5倍。