This study focused on the effect of algae on the fouling potential and dynamic fouling variation of foulants in an innovative algal-sludge membrane bioreactor (AS-MBR). Filtration experiments revealed that the soluble extracellular polymeric substance (S-EPS) released by the algal-sludge flocs showed a slower diminishing rate of flux than that released by the sludge flocs. The intermediate blocking and cake filtration models demonstrated the major mechanisms, which implied a reduction in the driving force of pore blocking and fouling layer formation induced by the algal-bacterial S-EPS. Furthermore, the relative flux decrements of loosely bound EPS (LB-EPS) and tightly bound EPS (TB-EPS) in the AS-MBR were lower than those of the control without algae, indicating a reduction in the fouling potential of the bound EPS (B-EPS) in the algal-sludge flocs compared to the control. This could be attributed to the reduction in the membrane intercepts for LB- and TB-EPS, respectively. Specifically, S-EPS and B-EPS released by algal-sludge flocs had a lower free energy of cohesion ($\mathrm{\Delta }{G}_{\mathit{coh}}$) than those released by sludge flocs (decreased of 19.14%, 45.93%, and 43.34% for the S-EPS, LB-EPS, and TB-EPS, respectively). Furthermore, these changes could contribute to the decrease in the relative abundance of adsorbed polysaccharide- and protein-like substances in the B-EPS (released by algal-sludge flocs) filtration membrane, leading to the formation of less rough peaks and valleys in the fouling layer in the AS-MBR. Accordingly, the lower fouling propensity and weaker cohesion energy of S-EPS and B-EPS tend to decrease the hydrophobicity and the free energy of the floc surface and further provide less driving force to adhere to the membrane, resulting in significant mitigation of membrane fouling in the AS-MBR. Therefore, the overall fouling behavior caused by S-EPS, B-EPS and flocs should be comprehensively considered to achieve an underlying understanding of the algal effect on membrane fouling control.

这项研究的重点是藻类对新型藻污泥膜生物反应器（AS-MBR）的结垢潜力和结垢剂动态结垢变化的影响。过滤实验表明，与污泥絮凝物相比，藻类污泥絮凝物释放的可溶性细胞外聚合物质（S-EPS）的通量减少速率更慢。中间阻塞和滤饼过滤模型表明了主要机理，这暗示了藻细菌S-EPS引起的阻塞孔和形成污垢层的驱动力降低。此外，AS-MBR中松散结合的EPS（LB-EPS）和紧密结合的EPS（TB-EPS）的相对通量减量比没有藻类的对照的相对通量降低，与对照相比，表明藻类污泥絮凝物中结合的EPS（B-EPS）的结垢潜力降低。这可以归因于分别针对LB-和TB-EPS的膜截距的减少。具体而言，藻类污泥絮凝物释放的S-EPS和B-EPS具有较低的内聚自由能（$\mathrm{\Delta }{G}_{\mathit{h}}$）比污泥絮凝物释放的污染物（S-EPS，LB-EPS和TB-EPS分别下降19.14％，45.93％和43.34％）。此外，这些变化可能有助于减少B-EPS（由藻类污泥絮凝物释放）滤膜中吸附的多糖和蛋白质样物质的相对丰度，从而导致在B-EPS滤膜中形成较少的粗糙峰和谷。 AS-MBR中的污垢层。因此，S-EPS和B-EPS的较低的结垢倾向和较弱的内聚能趋向于降低絮凝表面的疏水性和自由能，并进一步提供较少的驱动力以粘附到膜上，从而显着减轻了膜的结垢。在AS-MBR中。因此，由S-EPS引起的整体污染行为，