Abstract

The composition of bottom sediment in the estuarine part of the Simmi River, a small tributary of the Amur River (Bolon State Nature Reserve, Russian Far East), was studied using X-ray fluorescence, electron microscopy, sedimentation analysis, and laser diffractometry. It is established that the formation of labile components in the bottom sediments (vivianite–clay microaggregates, gypsum microcrystals, and vaterite mesocrystals) is linked with effects of the pyrogenous factor in the Simmi River basin and the level regime of the main river. The formations are mobile due to their small size (<100 μm). The bottom deposits are primarily formed by such suspended sediments (particle size <100 μm), which is consistent with the lacustrine–alluvial genesis of the area. Two vivianite formation mechanisms have been identified in the bottom sediments in periods following fires, when the concentration of phosphate ions in the river water is elevated. Vivianite is formed on the surface of ferruginous–clay microaggregates, due to the reduction of Fe (III) in the presence of organic matter and on biological templates (organic residues and single-celled microorganisms).

中文翻译：

---

Simmi河（Bolon国家自然保护区）底部沉积物的不稳定成分

摘要

使用X射线荧光，电子显微镜，沉降分析和激光衍射法研究了阿穆尔河小支流Simmi河河口部分的底部沉积物的成分（Bolon国家自然保护区，俄罗斯远东地区）。可以确定的是，底部沉积物中不稳定成分的形成（堇青石-粘土微团聚体，石膏微晶和球rite石细晶）与辛米河盆地热源因子的作用和主河的水位状况有关。地层由于尺寸小（<100μm）而可移动。底部沉积物主要是由这种悬浮沉积物（粒径<100μm）形成的，这与该地区的湖相冲积成因是一致的。当河水中的磷酸根离子浓度升高时，在火灾后的底部沉积物中已经确定了两种堇青石形成机理。由于在有机物存在下铁（III）的还原和生物模板（有机残留物和单细胞微生物）上的形成，在铁质粘土微团聚体表面形成了Vivianite。