The unique combination of corrosion resistance, mechanical properties, and biocompatibility have made commercially pure titanium (CP-Ti) widely used as bio-implant materials. The bio-implant requires high-quality surfaces, with specific characteristics for each utilization. Due to high temperatures in the cutting zone and the high chemical affinity, titanium is usually machined with cutting fluid. However, the environmental impacts drive research towards eliminating or reducing the utilization of these fluids. Therefore, a Box-Behnken Design of experiments was used to investigate the effects of cutting parameters (cutting speed, feed rate, and depth of cut) and lubri-cooling conditions (dry, MQL, RQL, and conventional flood) on the surface roughness after turning CP-Ti (grade 4). Statistical analysis confirmed that the feed rate is the most significant cutting parameter for controlling surface roughness, and it must be kept at a low level to improve the surface finish. The analysis of the results indicates that each lubri-cooling atmosphere requires appropriate levels of cutting speed and depth of cut to enhance the workpiece surface finish. The optimization of the experiment through the desirability function showed that RQL turning is the best choice to minimize surface roughness on CP-Ti Grade 4.

耐腐蚀性，机械性能和生物相容性的独特结合使商业纯钛（CP-Ti）广泛用作生物植入材料。生物植入物需要高质量的表面，每次使用都具有特定的特性。由于切削区域中的高温和高化学亲和力，通常用切削液对钛进行机械加工。但是，环境影响驱使人们研究消除或减少这些流体的利用。因此，采用Box-Behnken实验设计来研究切削参数（切削速度，进给速度和切削深度）和润滑冷却条件（干燥，MQL，RQL和常规溢流）对表面粗糙度的影响转动CP-Ti（4级）后。统计分析证实，进给速度是控制表面粗糙度的最重要切削参数，必须将其控制在较低水平以提高表面光洁度。结果分析表明，每种润滑冷却气氛都需要适当水平的切削速度和切削深度，以提高工件的表面光洁度。通过期望函数进行的实验优化表明，RQL车削是最小化CP-Ti 4级表面粗糙度的最佳选择。