Abstract

Tantalum (Ta) is a heavy refractory metal with an atomic weight of 180.95 g/mol, a density of 16.6 g/cm³, and a high melting point of 3017 °C. With its refractory characteristics, it shows excellent chemical and physical stability as well as corrosion and heat resistance at elevated temperatures. The demand for Ta metal and related compounds is increasing with the expansion of the electronics and chemical industries. The Hunter process was proven to be effective in producing Ta powder in 1953. Hunter proposed a method in which potassium heptafluorotantalate (K₂TaF₇) was reduced by sodium (Na). Thus far, this process has been the primary commercial method to produce Ta powder. In this study, quantitative differences were analyzed for diluent selection. Additionally, consideration was given to changes in the caloric value depending on the input amount of diluents. Finally, the optimum material input and the properties of the prepared Ta were analyzed. Stoichiometric ratios of K₂TaF₇(1 mol), NaCl (6.2–6.7 mol), Na (5–7 mol) were weighed, to perform a metallothermic reduction reaction. After the reaction, the tantalum powder was recovered and the flush process was carried out. After that, it was dried in a vacuum atmosphere. Physical properties such as oxygen concentration, PSA, ICP-OES, and XRD of powder were conducted to evaluate the characteristics of Ta powder that was finally manufactured.

Graphic Abstract

中文翻译：

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钽生产中Hunter工艺的稀释剂选择和输入量的考虑

摘要

钽（Ta）是重质难熔金属，原子量为180.95 g / mol，密度为16.6 g / cm ³，高熔点为3017°C。凭借其耐火特​​性，它在高温下表现出出色的化学和物理稳定性以及耐腐蚀和耐热性。随着电子和化学工业的发展，对金属钽和相关化合物的需求正在增加。1953年，Hunter工艺被证明可有效生产Ta粉。Hunter提出了一种方法，其中七氟钽酸钾（K ₂ TaF ₇被钠（Na）还原。迄今为止，该方法一直是生产钽粉的主要商业方法。在本研究中，分析了稀释剂选择的定量差异。另外，考虑了取决于稀释剂的输入量的热值的变化。最后，分析了最佳的材料输入和制备的钽的性能。K ₂ TaF _7的化学计量比称取1 mol，NaCl（6.2-6.7 mol），Na（5-7 mol），进行金属热还原反应。反应后，回收钽粉并进行冲洗过程。之后，将其在真空气氛中干燥。进行了诸如氧浓度，PSA，ICP-OES和粉末XRD等物理性能的评估，以评估最终制造的Ta粉末的特性。

图形摘要