Abstract—The spectra of geomagnetic variations calculated in the period range close to planetary waves—5, 10, and 16 days—are analyzed. The records of the geomagnetic field at the Geophysical Observatory “Mikhnevo” of the Institute of Geosphere Dynamics of Russian Academy of Sciences are used. Spectral estimation based on parametric approach is carried out for the winter and summer periods of 2009 (low solar activity) and 2015 (high solar activity). For the first time, it is established that the harmonics directly related to the manifestation of the atmospheric planetary waves in the entire period range from 4 to 17 days are only observed in winter and, irrespective of solar activity; the changes in the atmospheric pressure are about a month ahead of the changes in the geomagnetic field. In the spectra of geomagnetic variations in the period range of 4–17 days, the harmonics of the 27-day geomagnetic periodicity and the harmonics associated with their modulation by the 11-year solar cycle, annual and semiannual variations are revealed. In the spectra for the period range from 12 to 17 days, harmonics with periods close to tidal waves М_f and M_sf are identified.

摘要-分析了在接近5天，10天和16天的行星波的周期范围内计算出的地磁变化谱。使用的是俄罗斯科学院地球动力学研究所“ Mikhnevo”地球物理观测站的地磁场记录。在2009年（太阳活动低）和2015年（太阳活动高）的冬季和夏季进行基于参数方法的光谱估计。首次确定，在整个4至17天的整个时间段内，与大气行星波的表现直接相关的谐波仅在冬季观测到，而与太阳活动无关。大气压力的变化要比地磁场的变化提前一个月左右。在4至17天周期范围内的地磁变化谱中，揭示了27天地磁周期性的谐波以及由11年太阳周期，年度和半年度变化调制的谐波。在12至17天的频谱范围内，谐波的周期接近潮汐波М _˚F和中号_SF被识别。